The Western Aleutians Archaeological and Paleobiological Project: Continuing Research

西阿留申群岛考古和古生物学项目：持续研究

• 批准号: 0091875
• 负责人: Dixie West
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2005-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0091875&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Western; Aleutians; Archaeological; Paleobiological; Project

ABSTRACT: OPP-0091875The Western Aleutians Archaeological and Paleobiological Project, conducted by an international team (U.S.A., France, and Russia) of archaeologists, ecologists, zoologists, paleoethnobotanists, and geomorphologists, provides new information about the colonization of the Near Islands, sizes of Near Island settlements, communication between Near Island groups, and subsistence strategies of prehistoric populations. The project has two primary goals: 1) to examine thenature and characteristics of the western Aleutian culture in order to assess its particularities and the degree of cultural exchange with politically and culturally independent neighboring Aleut subgroups, and 2) to document Holocene environmental change in Beringia and determine,to what extent, these changes impacted prehistoric human communities. The project's past contributions include extensive documentation, mapping, sampling, and analysis to provide a chronological and ethnographic framework. During the new phase, The international team will return to Austin Cove, Attu Island, where archaeologists/ecologists will excavate different featuresincluding: 1) a "chief's house, 2) a non-elite dwelling, 3) a Russian Period house, and 4) different types of storage features, to understand the timing of cultural changes which resulted in increasing complexity and study the environmental variables bracketing such changes. Athorough understanding of Holocene environmental change in the region should provide clues in how prehistoric Aleuts adapted to their maritime world. Additionally, some of the most dramatic social and political changes occurred during the Russian/Aleut contact period. The excavationof the Russian period house feature should provide information on social/ economic changes which resulted from this cultural integration.

摘要：美国阿留申群岛西部考古和古生物学项目，法国和俄罗斯）的考古学家，生态学家，动物学家，古民族植物学家，和地貌学家，提供了新的信息殖民化的近岛，大小的近岛定居点，沟通之间的近岛群体，和史前人口的生存策略。该项目有两个主要目标：1）研究阿留申文化西部的性质和特征，以评估其特殊性和与政治和文化独立的邻近阿留申亚群的文化交流程度; 2）记录白令吉亚全新世的环境变化，并确定这些变化在多大程度上影响了史前人类社区。该项目过去的贡献包括广泛的文件，绘图，采样和分析，以提供一个时间顺序和人种学框架。在新的阶段，国际团队将返回阿图岛的奥斯汀湾，考古学家/生态学家将挖掘不同的特征，包括：1）酋长的房子，2）非精英住宅，3）俄罗斯时期的房子，以及4）不同类型的存储功能，以了解导致日益复杂的文化变化的时间，并研究这些变化的环境变量。对该地区全新世环境变化的深入了解应该为史前阿留申人如何适应海洋世界提供线索。此外，一些最戏剧性的社会和政治变化发生在俄罗斯/阿留申接触期间。俄罗斯时期房屋特征的发掘应该提供这种文化融合所导致的社会/经济变化的信息。