Collaborative Research: Total Evidence Phylogeny of Gobioidei (Teleostei: Perciformes) and Cladistic Biogeography

合作研究：Gobioidei（Teleostei：Perciformes）的全面证据系统发育和分支生物地理学

• 批准号: 0108416
• 负责人: Christine Thacker
• 金额: $ 20.5万
• 依托单位: Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0108416&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Total; Evidence; Phylogeny

ABSTRACTTOTAL EVIDENCE PHYLOGENY OF GOBIOIDEI (TELEOSTEI: PERCIFORMES) AND CLADISTIC BIOGEOGRAPHY The fish suborder Gobioidei includes more than 2000 extant species of small fishes found throughout the tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of the world, in freshwater and nearshore marine habitats. Many gobioids live on or near the bottom, often in burrows. Many others are reef-dwellers, a few are oceanic, and some estuarine representatives have the ability to breathe air. Their wide distribution and great diversity of form and ecology make gobioids ideal for studies of broad questions in vertebrate evolution and biogeography. However, the incredible gobioid diversity has also hindered investigations of their evolutionary relationships, and no comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for gobioids has been advanced. Previous studies have focused on small groups of taxa or restricted suites of characters, and because of the fishes' small size, the morphological characters identified are often reductive and highly variable. The closest relatives of Gobioidei are unknown, and the classification has been in flux. Currently, the roughly 270 gobioid genera are classified in nine families, some containing only a single genus. The larger families (Eleotrididae, Gobiidae) are almost certainly not natural groups, and the relationships of species within those families, and among families, are unknown.This study seeks to resolve gobioid relationships using a total evidence approach and focusing primarily on basal gobioid groups and outgroups. DNA sequence data from five genes (four mitochondrial and one nuclear) will be combined with osteological and myological characters. The data will be analyzed separately and combined, and the resultant phylogeny will then be used to produce a classification for the suborder. The phylogeny will be used to examine the historical biogeography of gobioids, using cladistic biogeographical techniques to discover congruent patterns of area relationships and examine the origins of gobioid diversification. The common assumption that gobioids originated in a marine environment and diversified into freshwater once or repeatedly will be investigated by mapping the distribution of habitats on the taxon cladogram.Gobioid fishes have been studied for over a century but the group is so large, diverse, and widely distributed that a comprehensive phylogenetic and biogeographic study has never been attempted. This study will provide the first such comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis and provide the basis for exploring the biogeography of a major group of fishes. It will also provide a historical foundation for future studies that will examine ecology, adaptation, and development, using the potential of this diverse group as a model for research on many aspects of evolutionary biology.

鱼亚目包括2000多种小型鱼类，分布于全球热带、亚热带和温带地区的淡水和近岸海洋栖息地。许多虾蛄生活在底部或靠近底部的地方，通常在洞穴中。其他许多是珊瑚礁居民，一些是海洋居民，一些河口代表有呼吸空气的能力。它们的广泛分布和形态和生态的多样性使虾蛄成为研究脊椎动物进化和生物地理学中广泛问题的理想选择。然而，令人难以置信的虾蛄多样性也阻碍了对其进化关系的研究，并且没有提出全面的虾蛄系统发育假说。以往的研究主要集中在小类群或有限的性状组合上，由于鱼类的体型小，所鉴定的形态特征往往是简化的和高度可变的。Gobioidei的近亲是未知的，分类也一直在变化。目前，大约270个虾蛄属被分为9科，有些只包含一个属。较大的科（梭鲈科、梭鲈科）几乎肯定不是自然的类群，这些科内和科间的物种关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在利用全证据方法解决虾蛄类的关系，并主要关注基础虾蛄类群体和外群体。来自5个基因（4个线粒体和1个核）的DNA序列数据将与骨学和肌学特征相结合。这些数据将被单独或合并分析，然后产生的系统发育将被用于产生亚目的分类。系统发育学将用于研究鱿鱼的历史生物地理学，使用枝状生物地理学技术来发现区域关系的一致模式，并研究鱿鱼多样化的起源。人们普遍认为，虾蛄起源于海洋环境，并一次或多次向淡水环境多样化，这一假设将通过在分类单元枝状图上绘制栖息地分布来进行调查。人们对虾虾鱼的研究已经有一个多世纪了，但由于虾虾鱼数量庞大、种类繁多、分布广泛，因此从未尝试过对其进行全面的系统发育和生物地理研究。这项研究将首次提供这样一个全面的系统发育假说，并为探索一个主要鱼类群体的生物地理学提供基础。它还将为未来研究生态学、适应和发展提供历史基础，利用这一多样化群体的潜力作为进化生物学许多方面研究的模型。