Phylogeny, Andean Biogeography, and Multivariate Evolution in Phyllotine Rodents

叶绿素啮齿动物的系统发育、安第斯生物地理学和多元进化

• 批准号: 0108422
• 负责人: Scott Steppan
• 金额: $ 40.45万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0108422&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogeny; Andean; Biogeography; Multivariate; Evolution

Abstract This project consists of two integrated parts: a detailed reconstruction of the evolutionary history of the populations that make up several closely related species of leaf-eared mice (Phyllotis), and a test of whether those species share the same inherent tendencies for the evolution of morphology. I will sequence at least 5 genes, some inherited from just the mothers, some from just the fathers, and some inherited from both, for over 200 mice collected from more than 100 localities throughout the Andes and nearby areas where Phyllotis lives. Those gene sequences will be used to estimate the evolutionary genealogy, or phylogeny, for those populations. This phylogeny will show the role that the Andes or other physical features have played in promoting speciation, estimate rates of gene flow across the species ranges, and test models of speciation. At the same time, we will establish controlled breeding colonies for 4 of the species. These breeding programs are needed to calculate the heritability of morphological traits and how much those traits are correlated with each other due to genetic control and developmental processes. These genetic parameters, summarized by the genetic variance-covariance matrix, G, will be compared among the species to determine if they remain constant over evolutionary time-scales. If the environmental effects on those G matrices is small or consistent, then the morphological data (32 measurements of the skull) will be combined with already collected measurements from more than 30 populations, and analyzed using the phylogeny discussed above, for a detailed exploration of the evolution of those inherent tendencies that are described by the G matrix. This study will address several critical questions in evolutionary biology. Most importantly, it has been suggested that microevolution (population and quantitative genetics) is decoupled from macroevolution (the long term changes we see among species). Perhaps the best method to unify these two fields is through quantitative genetics, but to do so requires that the G matrix evolves in a predictable manner. This will be the most comprehensive and phylogenetically based study to test that question. Additionally, this study will be the first to explore the biogeographic history of the southern Andes and southern South America in a comprehensive manner. Because geographic populations of Phyllotis are very distinct from each other genetically, their phylogenetic history can be estimated in great detail. That will allow robust tests of several models of how new species originate. By integrating a detailed phylogeny with the comparative quantitative genetics, we will also be able to test the interplay of geography, population history, and quantitative genetics to produce morphological evolution and diversification of species. Few if any studies have combined all these types of data to address these questions.

本项目由两个组成部分组成：详细重建几个密切相关的叶耳鼠（Phyllotis）物种的种群进化史，以及测试这些物种是否具有相同的内在形态进化趋势。我将对至少5个基因进行测序，一些只遗传自母亲，一些只遗传自父亲，还有一些遗传自两者，这些基因来自安第斯山脉和Phyllotis生活的附近地区的100多个地方的200多只老鼠。这些基因序列将用于估计这些种群的进化谱系或系统发育。这种系统发育将显示安第斯山脉或其他物理特征在促进物种形成中所起的作用，估计跨物种范围的基因流动速率，并测试物种形成模型。同时，我们将为其中4个物种建立可控的繁殖种群。这些育种计划需要计算形态性状的遗传力，以及这些性状由于遗传控制和发育过程而相互关联的程度。这些遗传参数，由遗传方差-协方差矩阵G总结，将在物种之间进行比较，以确定它们在进化时间尺度上是否保持不变。如果环境对这些G矩阵的影响很小或一致，那么形态学数据（头骨的32个测量值）将与已经从30多个种群收集的测量值相结合，并使用上面讨论的系统发育进行分析，以详细探索由G矩阵描述的那些固有趋势的演变。这项研究将解决进化生物学中的几个关键问题。最重要的是，有人认为微观进化（种群和数量遗传学）与宏观进化（我们在物种之间看到的长期变化）是分离的。也许统一这两个领域的最好方法是通过定量遗传学，但要做到这一点，需要G矩阵以可预测的方式进化。这将是测试这个问题的最全面和基于系统发育的研究。此外，这项研究将首次全面探索南安第斯山脉和南美洲南部的生物地理历史。由于Phyllotis的地理种群在遗传上彼此非常不同，因此可以非常详细地估计它们的系统发育历史。这将允许对新物种起源的几种模型进行强有力的测试。通过将详细的系统发育与比较数量遗传学相结合，我们还将能够测试地理、种群历史和数量遗传学之间的相互作用，从而产生物种的形态进化和多样化。很少有研究结合所有这些类型的数据来解决这些问题。

项目成果

The Phyllotis xanthopygus complex (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in central Andes, systematics and description of a new species

• DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12510
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Zoologica Scripta
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: J. P. Jayat;P. Teta;A. Ojeda;Scott J. Steppan;Jared M. Osland;P. Ortiz;A. Novillo;C. Lanzone;R. Ojeda

Comparative Quantitative Genetics of the Pelvis in Four-Species of Rodents and the Conservation of Genetic Covariance and Correlation Structure

• DOI: 10.1007/s11692-022-09559-z
• 发表时间: 2022-02-21
• 期刊: EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Saltzberg，Carl J.;Walker，Laura;Steppan，Scott J.
• 通讯作者: Steppan，Scott J.