Language Processing and Representational Constraints in Memory

语言处理和记忆中的表征约束

• 批准号: 0112231
• 负责人: Peter Gordon
• 金额: $ 21.99万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0112231&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Language; Processing; Representational; Constraints; Memory

With National Science Foundation support, Drs. Peter Gordon and Randall Hendrick will conduct three years of linguistic research on the functions of human memory during language comprehension. Their focus is working memory, which is the memory that keeps track of information as people actively engage in complex tasks. Language comprehension includes complex tasks like identifying and interpreting parts of sentences. Such tasks require that intermediate representations of sentence parts be held in working memory and accessed during comprehension. The project tests the hypothesis that working memory's constraints in language, and other cognitive domains, reflect its susceptibility to interference during encoding, storage, and retrieval. This interference arises from the similarity of the items being processed. This research uses three complementary methods: eye tracking during reading, analyses of patterns in large corpora of printed language, and memory load tasks during language comprehension. The broader aims of the project are pursued by focusing each method on two central issues: How is language processing affected by the proximity of similar expressions, and what are the psychologically salient dimensions of similarity that cause interference? The significance of the project is that it will advance knowledge of the relationship between language and other aspects of cognition, particularly memory. Basic scientific research on the organization of the cognitive processes involved in crucial facets of mental life will be of benefit for later development of more applied goals. These include the creation of effective information technology, the teaching of reading, and the diagnosis and treatment of language impairment.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，Peter Gordon和Randall Hendrick博士将对人类记忆在语言理解过程中的功能进行为期三年的语言学研究。他们的重点是工作记忆，这是一种在人们积极参与复杂任务时跟踪信息的记忆。语言理解包括复杂的任务，如识别和解释句子的部分。这些任务要求句子部分的中间表征被保存在工作记忆中，并在理解过程中被访问。该项目测试的假设，即工作记忆的语言和其他认知领域的限制，反映了其在编码，存储和检索过程中的干扰的敏感性。这种干扰来自于被处理的项目的相似性。本研究采用了三种互补的方法：阅读过程中的眼动追踪、大型印刷语语料库中的模式分析和语言理解过程中的记忆负荷任务。该项目的更广泛的目标是通过将每种方法集中在两个核心问题上来实现的：语言处理如何受到相似表达的接近程度的影响，以及造成干扰的相似性的心理学显著维度是什么？ 该项目的意义在于，它将促进对语言与认知的其他方面，特别是记忆之间关系的认识。对心理生活的关键方面所涉及的认知过程的组织进行基础科研，将有利于以后制定更实用的目标。这些包括创造有效的信息技术，阅读教学，以及语言障碍的诊断和治疗。