ITR/SI+AP: A Mobile Sensor Web for Polar Ice Sheet Measurements

0122520 Gogineni海平面在上个世纪一直在上升。 虽然海平面上升的直接影响可能不如全球气候变化的其他影响严重，但长期后果可能更具破坏性，因为近60%的世界人口生活在沿海地区。 科学家们假设，由于长期的全球气候变化，极地冰盖正在释放多余的水，但没有足够的数据来证实这些理论。 了解冰盖、海洋和大气之间的相互作用对于量化冰盖在海平面上升中的作用至关重要。 为此，该研究项目涉及创新性地应用信息技术，开发和部署智能雷达传感器，以测量关键的冰川学参数。雷达仪器将包括一个合成孔径雷达，可以在双基地或单基地模式下工作。 合成孔径雷达的一个重要应用是确定基底条件，特别是基底水的存在和分布。 基底水润滑冰/床界面，增强流动，并增加排入海洋的冰量。 合成孔径雷达的另一个应用将是测量冰的厚度，并绘制浅冰和深冰的内层地图。 关于近地表内层的资料将用于估计近期的平均积累率，而较深层则提供过去积累和流速的历史。 将使用一辆履带式车辆和一辆自动雪地车测试和演示智能雷达在冰川调查中的用途，将开发该系统，以便结合从档案来源获得的先验信息，真实的收集、处理和分析数据。 组合的真实的时间和存档的信息将在车辆上用于选择和生成最佳传感器配置。 因此，该项目涉及智能系统、探测雷达和冰盖建模方面的创新研究。 此外，它还有一个非常强大的公共宣传和教育计划，其中包括通过万维网进行近乎实时的图像广播

0122520GogineniSea level has been rising over the last century. Although the immediate impact of sea level rise may be less severe than other effects of global climate change, the long-term consequences can be much more devastating since nearly 60% of the world population lives in coastal regions. Scientists have postulated that excess water is being released from polar ice sheets due to long-term, global climate change, but there are insufficient data to confirm these theories. Understanding the interactions between the ice sheets, oceans and atmosphere is essential to quantifying the role of ice sheets in sea level rise. Toward that end, this research project involves the innovative application of information technology in the development and deployment of intelligent radar sensors for measuring key glaciological parameters. Radar instrumentation will consist of a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) that can operate in bistatic or monostatic mode. One important application of the SAR will be in the determination of basal conditions, particularly the presence and distribution of basal water. Basal water lubricates the ice/bed interface, enhancing flow, and increasing the amount of ice discharged into the ocean. Another application of the SAR will be to measure ice thickness and map internal layers in both shallow and deep ice. Information on near-surface internal layers will be used to estimate the average, recent accumulation rate, while the deeper layers provide a history of past accumulation and flow rates. A tracked vehicle and an automated snowmobile will be used to test and demonstrate the utility of an intelligent radar in glaciological investigations.The system will be developed to collect, process and analyze data in real time and in conjunction with a priori information derived from archived sources. The combined real time and archived information will be used onboard the vehicles to select and generate an optimum sensor configuration. This project thus involves innovative research in intelligent systems, sounding radars and ice sheet modeling. In addition it has a very strong public outreach and education program, which include near-real-time image broadcasts via the world wide web