Wild Rice Population Dynamics and Nutrient Cycles
野生稻种群动态和养分循环
基本信息
- 批准号:0211691
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 54.31万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2002
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2002-09-15 至 2007-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Populations of plants and animals typically undergo regular oscillations or boom-and-bust cycles in nature. Ecologists have long been interested in the causes of these oscillations. Ecological theory predicts that any delay in a population will cause it to oscillate. Most of the processes that have been proposed as causes of delays are purely population processes, such as delays in birth rate. But if the recycling of limiting nutrients between decaying plant material (litter) and live plants is delayed, this could also cause a population to oscillate.Wild rice is an interesting wetland plant species whose populations have long been known to oscillate. Wild rice is an annual plant and so the population must meet all its nutrients requirements for growth from the release of nutrients in decaying litter from previous years. Almost all the nutrients wild rice needs for growth are taken up in a brief window in spring-early summer of the year. But litter from the previous year decomposes so slowly that it does not even begin to release nutrients until at least the end of summer or not even until the second year of decay. We hypothesize that this delay in the recycling of nutrients through decaying litter causes wild rice populations to oscillate.Besides being ecologically interesting, wild rice is an important staple food for members of Minnesota's Ojibway (Chippewa) tribe. Wild rice harvesting is a defining feature of Ojibway society. Ojibway culture includes legends of wild rice spiritual ceremonies conducted during harvest time. Wild rice approaches sacred food status and band members identify wild rice as a symbol of what it means to be Ojibway. The Ojibway tribe manages over a dozen wild rice lakes in northeastern Minnesota for wild rice production in as natural a manner as possible. Therefore, what causes oscillations in wild rice production is of interest, culturally and scientifically, to tribal members as well as to a wider scientific community. This research will involve close collaboration with members of the Fond du Lac band of Ojibway.The effect of delays in nutrient release on wild rice population dynamics will be tested by the following three-pronged approach: (1) making long-term observations of wild rice productivity, seed production, and nutrient availability in sediments in a series of wild rice lakes; (2) manipulating litter, nutrient inputs, and seed vs. seedling establishment in large mesocosms (stock tanks) and measuring total productivity and nutrient uptake, mean plant weight and nutrient uptake, seedling emergence, and nutrient availability; and (3) constructing and testing a computer model of wild rice nutrient uptake, productivity, litter decay, and seed production and emergence.Students will be recruited from the tribal community college to assist in this work. This project will assist tribal biologists in addressing problems of natural resource management of significance to Ojibway values and show tribal students the potentials of a career in the environmental sciences. The tribe is anticipating that the results of this study will provide critical information for its development of nutrient criteria specifically for wild rice waters, and for improving management decisions from a better understanding of nutrient cycling in wild rice ecosystems.
在自然界中,动植物种群通常会经历有规律的振荡或盛衰周期。长期以来,生态学家一直对这些振荡的原因感兴趣。生态学理论预测,种群中的任何延迟都会导致它的振荡。大多数被认为是延迟原因的过程都是纯粹的人口过程,例如出生率的延迟。但是,如果腐烂的植物材料(枯枝落叶)和活植物之间的限制性营养物质的循环被延迟,这也可能导致种群振荡。野生稻是一种有趣的湿地植物物种,其种群长期以来一直被认为是振荡的。野生稻是一年生植物,因此种群必须从前几年腐烂的枯枝落叶中释放的营养物质中满足其生长所需的所有营养。几乎所有野生稻生长所需的营养都在一年中的春天初夏的短暂窗口中被吸收。但是前一年的垃圾分解得很慢,至少要到夏末,甚至要到腐烂的第二年,它才开始释放养分。我们假设,这种延迟通过腐烂的垃圾营养物质的循环导致野生稻种群振荡。除了生态上有趣,野生稻是明尼苏达州的Ojibway(齐佩瓦)部落成员的重要主食。野生稻收割是Ojibway社会的一个典型特征。Ojibway文化包括在收获季节进行的野生稻精神仪式的传说。野生稻接近神圣的食物地位,乐队成员认为野生稻是Ojibway的象征。Ojibway部落在明尼苏达州东北部管理着十几个野生稻湖,以尽可能自然的方式生产野生稻。因此,造成野生稻产量波动的原因是部落成员和更广泛的科学界在文化和科学上感兴趣的。这项研究将与Ojibway的丰迪拉克带的成员密切合作。营养释放延迟对野生稻种群动态的影响将通过以下三方面的方法进行测试:(1)对一系列野生稻湖泊的野生稻生产力,种子生产和沉积物中营养物质的有效性进行长期观察;(2)在大型围隔生态系统中操纵凋落物、养分输入以及种子与幼苗的建立(储罐)和测量总生产力和养分吸收、平均植物重量和养分吸收、出苗和养分可用性;(3)建立并测试野生稻养分吸收、生产力、凋落物腐烂、种子生产和出苗的计算机模型,将从部落社区学院招募学生协助这项工作。该项目将协助部落生物学家解决对Ojibway价值观具有重要意义的自然资源管理问题,并向部落学生展示环境科学职业的潜力。该部落预计,这项研究的结果将提供关键信息,其营养标准的发展,特别是野生稻沃茨,并改善管理决策,从更好地了解营养循环野生稻生态系统。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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John Pastor其他文献
Northward march of spruce
云杉北移
- DOI:
10.1038/361208a0 - 发表时间:
1993-01-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
John Pastor - 通讯作者:
John Pastor
Multiple limiting gradients in peatlands: A call for a new paradigm
- DOI:
10.1007/bf03160645 - 发表时间:
1996-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.000
- 作者:
Scott D. Bridgham;John Pastor;Jan A. Janssens;Carmen Chapin;Thomas J. Malterer - 通讯作者:
Thomas J. Malterer
Interactions between sulfide and reproductive phenology of an annual aquatic plant, wild rice (<em>Zizania palustris</em>)
- DOI:
10.1016/j.aquabot.2020.103230 - 发表时间:
2020-05-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Sophia LaFond-Hudson;Nathan W. Johnson;John Pastor;Brad Dewey - 通讯作者:
Brad Dewey
Ecology of ice-age extinctions
冰河时代物种灭绝的生态学
- DOI:
10.1038/431639a - 发表时间:
2004-10-06 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:48.500
- 作者:
John Pastor;Ron A. Moen - 通讯作者:
Ron A. Moen
A Primer on Mathematical Models in Biology by Lee A. Segel and Leah Edelstein-Keshet
- DOI:
10.1007/s00283-014-9446-4 - 发表时间:
2014-02-28 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.400
- 作者:
John Pastor - 通讯作者:
John Pastor
John Pastor的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('John Pastor', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: OPUS: Beavers as Boreal Ecosystem Engineers
合作研究:OPUS:海狸作为北方生态系统工程师
- 批准号:
1349076 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Wild Rice Population Oscillations, Allocation Patterns, and Nutrient Cycles
野生稻种群波动、分配模式和养分循环
- 批准号:
0715808 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
OPUS: A Synthesis Of Long-Term Research On Moose-Boreal Forest Interactions
OPUS:驼鹿与北方森林相互作用的长期研究综述
- 批准号:
0640325 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
LTREB: Spatial Dynamics of the Moose-Forest-Soil Ecosystem on Isle Royale
LTREB:皇家岛驼鹿-森林-土壤生态系统的空间动态
- 批准号:
0414260 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Interactions Among Global Change Stressors in Northern Fens: Atmospheric CO2, Temperature, and Nitrogen Deposition
合作研究:北部沼泽全球变化压力源之间的相互作用:大气二氧化碳、温度和氮沉降
- 批准号:
0235266 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
LTREB: Moose Population Cycles, Ecosystem Properties, and Landscape Patterns on Isle Royale
LTREB:皇家岛上的驼鹿种群周期、生态系统特性和景观格局
- 批准号:
9806313 - 财政年份:1998
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Control of Productivity and Plant Species Segregation by Nitrogen Fluxes to Wetland Beaver Meadows
湿地河狸草甸氮通量对生产力和植物物种分离的控制
- 批准号:
9615326 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Grizzly Bear Digging in Subalpine Meadows: Influences on Plant Distributions and Nitrogen Availability
合作研究:灰熊在亚高山草甸挖掘:对植物分布和氮素有效性的影响
- 批准号:
9510447 - 财政年份:1995
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Moose Foraging Strategy, Energetics, and Ecosystem Processes in Boreal Landscapes
北方景观中驼鹿的觅食策略、能量学和生态系统过程
- 批准号:
9420064 - 财政年份:1995
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
LTREB: Long-term Dynamics of Moose Populations, Community Structure, and Ecosystem Properties on Isle Royale
LTREB:皇家岛驼鹿种群、群落结构和生态系统特性的长期动态
- 批准号:
9306368 - 财政年份:1993
- 资助金额:
$ 54.31万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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