SGER: Annual Income, Hourly Wages, and Identity Formation Among Latinos

SGER：拉丁裔的年收入、小时工资和身份形成

• 批准号: 0213300
• 负责人: Patrick Mason
• 金额: $ 6.08万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-15 至 2003-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0213300&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Annual; Income; Hourly; Wages

This exploratory research examines economic incentives for alternative racial identity norms among Hispanic Americans, with a special focus on persons of Mexican descent. The theoretical model has two pure norms: an acculturationist norm and a racial identity norm. If an acculturationist norm prevails Hispanics will acculturate into American society as Non-Hispanic whites and will not face persistent racial discrimination in the labor market. If a racial identity norm prevails Hispanic will develop a unique race identity, i.e., neither black nor white, and face persistent racial discrimination in the labor market. Empirical evaluation suggests that an acculturationist norm will likely prevail among Mexican and Cuban Americans. Accordingly, Hispanic Americans, especially persons of Mexican and Cuban descent but less so Puerto Ricans, are able to increase income annual income and hourly wages by abandoning a unique Hispanic racial identity and acculturating into a Non-Hispanic white racial identity. However, neither the abandonment of Spanish nor the abandonment of a specifically Hispanic racial self-identity is sufficient to overcome the penalties associated with having a dark complexion and Non-European phenotype. This is a unique study. Many economic studies have examined the impact on race on economic outcomes but no previous study has examined the formation of racial identity as an economic variable, i.e., to explore the thesis that racial identity is endogenous.

本探索性研究考察了西班牙裔美国人对另类种族身份规范的经济激励，特别关注墨西哥裔美国人。该理论模型有两个纯粹的规范：文化适应主义规范和种族认同规范。如果文化适应主义规范盛行，拉美裔将以非拉美裔白人的身份融入美国社会，并且不会在劳动力市场上面临持续的种族歧视。如果一种种族认同规范盛行，西班牙裔就会形成一种独特的种族认同，即既非黑人也非白人，并在劳动力市场上面临持续的种族歧视。实证评估表明，文化适应主义规范可能会在墨西哥裔和古巴裔美国人中盛行。因此，西班牙裔美国人，特别是墨西哥裔和古巴裔但不那么波多黎各裔的人，能够通过放弃独特的西班牙裔种族特征和融入非西班牙裔白人种族特征来增加年收入和小时工资。然而，无论是放弃西班牙语还是放弃特定的西班牙裔种族自我认同，都不足以克服与深色肤色和非欧洲表型相关的惩罚。这是一项独特的研究。许多经济研究都考察了种族对经济结果的影响，但此前没有研究将种族认同的形成作为一个经济变量来考察，即探索种族认同是内生的这一论点。