Biological Oxygen Production in the Pacific Subtropical Gyres using Glider Surveys

使用滑翔机勘测太平洋副热带环流的生物氧气生产

• 批准号: 0223372
• 负责人: Steven Emerson
• 金额: $ 35.4万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0223372&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biological; Oxygen; Production; Pacific; Subtropical

ABSTRACTOCE-0223372Experimental evaluations of the organic carbon export from the euphotic zone of the ocean are essential for verifying and calibrating estimates of the ocean's biological pump by both satellite color and Global Circulation Models. Studies of upper ocean oxygen mass balance have shown that carbon export from the euphotic zone can be accurately estimated by determining net annual biological oxygen production at locations where there are time-series measurements. Growing awareness of the present importance of nitrogen fixation in the subtropical North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans has lead to the suggestion that ocean productivity, and perhaps the organic carbon export, in these areas is limited by the wind blown flux of iron to the surface waters. One could evaluate the importance of this process in the subtropical ocean without the expense of an iron fertilization experiment by determining the net biological oxygen production in locations that receive very different atmospheric loading of iron. The ideal locations to contrast in this regard are the North and South Pacific Ocean; however, it has not been possible to carry out a time-series study south of the equator in the Pacific because it is too remote. The advent of glider technology and the evolution of our ability to quantify air-water gas exchange in the subtropical oceans make it now possible to study the oxygen mass balance by remotely measuring the T, S, and O2 concentrations in the upper ocean. In this study, investigators at the University of Washington will develop this new technology to determine the net biological oxygen production in the North and South Pacific. The subtropical oceans are ideal for introducing a glider study of upper ocean heat, fresh water and oxygen budgets because the relatively steady and slow surface currents.Specifically, the goals of this research are to demonstrate the utility of gliders to determine accurate and precise T, S and O2 concentrations in the open ocean from which budgets can be calculated and to contrast the net biological oxygen production in the North and South Pacific subtropical gyres. The research team will carry out glider surveys of the upper ocean at the Hawaii Ocean time series (HOT). The team will calibrate instruments on the glider against monthly measurements by the time-series scientists so that it will be possible to verify accuracies and make adjustments to improve results.

海洋真光层有机碳输出的实验评估对于验证和校准卫星颜色和全球环流模式对海洋生物泵的估计是必不可少的。对上层海洋氧气质量平衡的研究表明，真光层的碳输出量可以通过确定有时间序列测量的地点的净年度生物氧气生产量来准确估计。 人们日益认识到目前亚热带北大西洋和太平洋固氮的重要性，因此提出，这些地区的海洋生产力，也许还有有机碳的输出，受到风吹到表层沃茨的铁通量的限制。 人们可以评估这一过程在亚热带海洋中的重要性，而无需花费铁施肥实验的费用，通过确定在接收非常不同的大气铁负荷的位置的净生物氧产量。 在这方面进行对比的理想地点是北太平洋和南太平洋;但是，由于太平洋赤道以南太遥远，无法进行时间序列研究。 滑翔机技术的出现和我们量化亚热带海洋中空气-水气体交换能力的发展，使得现在有可能通过远程测量海洋上层的T，S和O2浓度来研究氧气质量平衡。 在这项研究中，华盛顿大学的研究人员将开发这种新技术，以确定北太平洋和南太平洋的净生物氧产量。 亚热带海洋是引进滑翔机研究上层海洋热量，淡水和氧气收支的理想场所，因为相对稳定和缓慢的表面电流。具体来说，这项研究的目标是证明滑翔机的实用性，以确定准确和精确的T，S和O2在公海的浓度，从中可以计算预算，并对比在北方和南方的净生物氧生产太平洋副热带环流。 研究团队将在夏威夷海洋时间序列（HOT）上对上层海洋进行滑翔机调查。 该团队将根据时间序列科学家每月的测量结果校准滑翔机上的仪器，以便能够验证准确性并进行调整以改善结果。