GLOBEC: Seabird Distribution and Abundance in Winter

GLOBEC：冬季海鸟分布和数量

• 批准号: 0224727
• 负责人: William Fraser
• 金额: $ 23.52万
• 依托单位: Polar Oceans Research Group
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-01 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0224727&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GLOBEC; Seabird; Distribution; Abundance; Winter

The U.S. Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics (U.S. GLOBEC) program has the goal of understanding and ultimately predicting how populations of marine animal species respond to natural and anthropogenic changes in climate. Research in the Southern Ocean (SO) indicates strong coupling between climatic processes and ecosystem dynamics via the annual formation and destruction of sea ice. The Southern Ocean GLOBEC Program (SO GLOBEC) will investigate the dynamic relationship between physical processes and ecosystem responses through identification of critical parameters that affect the distribution, abundance and population dynamics of target species. The overall goals of the SO GLOBEC program are to elucidate shelf circulation processes and their effect on sea ice formation and krill distribution, and to examine the factors which govern krill survivorship and availability to higher trophic levels, including penguins, seals and whales. The focus of the U.S. contribution to the international SO GLOBEC program will be on winter processes. This component will focus on seabird diet composition and foraging behavior. This will be accomplished by direct observation of diet samples from both penguins and flying birds. Foraging behavior will be studied using time-depth recorders and satellite transmitters. This research will be coordinated with the component focusing the large-scale distribution, abundance and habitat of seabirds. The result of the integrated SO GLOBEC program will be to improve the predictability of living marine resources, especially with respect to local and global climatic shifts.

美国全球海洋生态系统动力学（U.S. GLOBEC）计划的目标是了解并最终预测海洋动物物种种群如何应对自然和人为气候变化。 南大洋 (SO) 的研究表明，气候过程与生态系统动态之间通过每年海冰的形成和破坏存在着强烈的耦合。 南大洋 GLOBEC 计划（SO GLOBEC）将通过识别影响目标物种分布、丰度和种群动态的关键参数来研究物理过程和生态系统响应之间的动态关系。 SO GLOBEC 计划的总体目标是阐明陆架循环过程及其对海冰形成和磷虾分布的影响，并研究控制磷虾存活率和较高营养级（包括企鹅、海豹和鲸鱼）可用性的因素。美国对国际 SO GLOBEC 计划贡献的重点将是冬季过程。该部分将重点关注海鸟的饮食成分和觅食行为。这将通过直接观察企鹅和飞鸟的饮食样本来实现。将使用时间深度记录器和卫星发射器研究觅食行为。这项研究将与关注海鸟大规模分布、丰度和栖息地的部分相协调。 SO GLOBEC 综合计划的结果将是提高海洋生物资源的可预测性，特别是在当地和全球气候变化方面。