Incorporating Active Real-Time Objects and Control Into Semantic Webs

随着更多真实世界的数据被包含在Web中，捕捉数据更多含义的需求迅速增加。语义网是由W3C提出的下一代Web，它使用RDF(资源描述框架)来表示元数据。尽管RDF编码的元数据具有丰富的语义和提供大量智能特征的潜力，但将其应用于实际Web应用领域的努力还不够。实时语义Web被建模为一个由一组实时对象组成的主动环境，每个实时对象由一组属性、功能和主动规则组成。实时对象可以自发改变，也可以由需求(通过消息)实时触发。这种分布式实时对象系统的语义可以通过被称为主动实时语义网(ARTSW)的形式化逻辑基础来描述，该形式化逻辑基础是普通的一阶语言(即时不变的)加上一组时变结构。ARTSW可以用来描述实时语义Web上的约束，也可以用作定义动态环境语义的规范语言。形式逻辑的说明性和推理能力与实时分布对象相结合，使用户能够轻松地将领域知识编码成规则。我们的研究旨在提供一个涵盖主动实时语义网的规范、执行和管理的软件工程框架。由于该框架涉及多个技术主题(即实时对象、分布式系统、逻辑和Web)，因此本研究将重点对该框架的技术可靠性进行探索性研究。

As more real-world data are included in the Web, requirements to capture more meaning of the data have rapidly increased. Semantic Web has been proposed by W3C to be the next generation of web by representing the metadata using RDF (Resource Description Framework). Even though the metadata encoded in RDF have rich semantics and high potential for providing lots of intelligent features, there have not been enough efforts to utilize them in practical Web application areas.A real-time Semantic Web is modeled as an active environment that consists of a set of real-time objects each consisting of a set of attributes, functions, and active rules. A real-time object can be changed spontaneously or triggered by demands (via messages) in real-time. The semantics of such a distributed, real-time object system can be described by a formal logical foundation called Active Real-Time Semantic Web (ARTSW) that is the ordinary first order language (that is time-invariant) plus a set of time-varying constructs. The ARTSW can be used to describe the constraints on top of a real-time Semantic Web, or it can be used as a specification language that defines the semantics of a dynamic environment. The declarative ness and inference capability of formal logic are coupled with real-time distributed objects in order to enable the users to encode easily the domain knowledge into rules. Our research is aimed at providing a software engineering framework that covers specification, execution, and management of an active real-time semantic web. Because several technical subjects (i.e., real-time objects, distributed systems, logic, and Web) are involved, this research will focus on the explorative investigation of the technical soundness of the proposed framework.