RUI Collaborative Research: The Development of Memory for Temporal Information

RUI 合作研究：时间信息记忆的发展

• 批准号: 0241586
• 负责人: Thomas Lyon
• 金额: $ 8.8万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0241586&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Collaborative; Research; Development; Memory

Collaborative Research: The Development of Memory for Temporal InformationThis project is designed to elucidate the development of children's memory for the times of past events. It is an attempt to learn about the abilities of children of different ages and the processes involved in this important human ability. As part of a broader program of research by scholars who study the developmental psychology of time, this work will help us better understand the growth of temporal knowledge. The largest of the studies will provide normative information about the abilities of children ranging in age from 4 to 14 years to recall the times of events from the last three years. The interview will test memory for the times, frequencies, and details of the events and measure children's general knowledge of time patterns and their ability to use inference and other reconstructive processes. Another study will entail examining trial transcripts to determine the types of questions about time that attorneys ask children of different ages and the relation between question form and accuracy. Additional studies will be conducted to provide further information about the development of the processes that underlie mature time-memory abilities. In one study children will recall experimental events from 6 months earlier and abilities related to reconstruction will be examined in detail. For example, the interview will provide measures of memory for temporally relevant details of the event and its contiguity to other events, general knowledge of time, and the ability to select and evaluate information that could logically constrain the time. Another study will focus on the development of children's explicit knowledge of how to remember past times, by asking children about the processes, properties, and limitations of remembering the times of past events. Still another experiment will probe the development of children's memory for information about the order of past events by having them judge the order of experimental and school events from many months in the past. In the final component of the project, methods will be developed and empirically tested for improving the accuracy of children's testimony about the times of remembered events. This will lead to the development of recommendations for forensic interviews of children about the times of events. Overall, the project is expected to improve psychologists', educators', and legal professionals' understanding of an important aspect of memory development: how children of different ages remember the times of past events. The work will also provide information that will be useful to legal professionals and legislators who must make decisions about the capacity of children of different ages to testify about the times of events. Further, the project will lead to the development of techniques for improving forensic interviews of children.

合作研究：时间信息记忆的发展本项目旨在阐明儿童对过去事件的时间记忆的发展。它试图了解不同年龄的儿童的能力以及这种重要的人类能力所涉及的过程。作为研究时间发展心理学的学者更广泛研究计划的一部分，这项工作将帮助我们更好地理解时间知识的增长。最大的研究将提供关于4至14岁儿童回忆过去三年事件时间的能力的规范性信息。 面试将测试对事件的时间，频率和细节的记忆，并测量儿童对时间模式的一般知识以及他们使用推理和其他重建过程的能力。另一项研究将涉及审查审判记录，以确定律师向不同年龄的儿童提出的关于时间的问题类型，以及问题形式与准确性之间的关系。将进行更多的研究，以提供有关成熟的时间记忆能力的基础过程的发展的进一步信息。在一项研究中，儿童将回忆6个月前的实验事件，并详细检查与重建有关的能力。例如，访谈将提供对事件的时间相关细节及其与其他事件的邻近性的记忆测量，时间的一般知识，以及选择和评估可能在逻辑上限制时间的信息的能力。另一项研究将通过询问儿童关于记住过去事件的时间的过程、性质和限制来关注儿童关于如何记住过去时间的外显知识的发展。还有一个实验将通过让孩子们判断过去几个月的实验和学校事件的顺序来探索孩子们对过去事件顺序的记忆的发展。在该项目的最后一部分，将制定和经验测试的方法，以提高儿童的证词的准确性有关的时间记住的事件。这将导致就事件发生的时间对儿童进行法医面谈提出建议。总的来说，该项目有望提高心理学家、教育家和法律的专业人士对记忆发展的一个重要方面的理解：不同年龄的儿童如何记住过去事件的时间。这项工作还将为法律的专业人员和立法者提供有用的信息，他们必须就不同年龄的儿童就事件发生的时间作证的能力作出决定。此外，该项目还将导致开发改进对儿童的法医面谈的技术。