Transport Theory with Bose-Einstein Statistics for RHIC and Investigations of Novel Properties of Dense Neutron-Rich Matter

在这份RUI(本科院校研究)更新建议中，PI建议承担两个新的项目，即(1)在Brookaven相对论重离子对撞机(RHIC)上发展和应用玻色-爱因斯坦统计的超相对论重离子碰撞输运理论和(2)用高能放射性束流研究致密富中子物质的新性质。在RHIC重离子碰撞中产生大量的介子，从而获得高的π介子相空间密度，需要在反应动力学中适当地包含玻色-爱因斯坦S统计量(多玻色子对称化)。目前基本上所有的RHIC动力学模型都忽略了玻色-爱因斯坦统计模型。PI在第一个项目上的工作重点是将玻色-爱因斯坦统计包括在强子的强子化和随后的动力学演化中，在多相传输模型中，最重要的是介子。玻色-爱因斯坦统计的输运理论对于可靠地预测和解释RHIC的核碰撞数据，特别是单粒子谱、多粒子关联函数和介子的集合态是一个有用的工具。这也可能有助于解决在RHIC实验中发现的Hanbury Brown/Twiss(HBT)之谜。第二个项目的最终目标是准确确定核状态方程(EOS)的同位素独立性，并研究以前地球实验室无法达到的致密富中子物质的新性质。这些都是美国最新的核物理长期计划(LRP)中确定的重要问题，以及管理中子星许多方面的基本性质。为了提取有关核EOS同位旋依赖性的关键信息，PI建议研究现有放射性束流设施中高能丰中子核引起的核反应中的几个实验观测数据，以及未来的稀有同位素加速器，该加速器被确定为美国核物理LRP新结构的首要任务。此外，还将探索致密富中子物质的几个新性质。其中包括同位旋分离不稳定性，唯一的0

In this RUI (Research in Undergraduate Institutions) renewal proposal, the PIproposes to undertake two new projects, i.e., (1) development and application of atransport theory with Bose-Einstein statistics for ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisionsat Brookhaven's Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and (2) investigations of nov-el properties of dense neutron-rich matter with energetic radioactive beams. The largenumber of pions produced and thus the high value of pion phase-space density reachedin heavy-ion collisions at RHIC requires a proper inclusion of the Bose-Einstein s-tatistics (multi-boson symmetrization) in the reaction dynamics. The Bose-Einsteinstatistics is currently neglected in essentially all dynamical models for RHIC. Thefocus of the PI's work on the first project is to include the Bose-Einstein statisticsin both the hadronization and the subsequent dynamical evolution of hadrons, mostimportantly pions, within a multi-phase transport model. The transport theory withBose-Einstein statistics will be a useful tool for predicting reliably and interpretingcritically nuclear collision data at RHIC, especially the single-particle spectra, multi-particle correlation functions and the collective ow of pions. It might also beusefulfor solving the Hanbury Brown/Twiss (HBT) puzzle found in experiments at RHIC.The ultimate goals of the second project are to determine accurately the isospindependence of the nuclear equation of state (EOS) and to investigate novel propertiesof dense neutron-rich matter that was not in reach in terrestrial laboratories before.These are important issues identified in the most recent U.S. long-range plan (LRP)for nuclear physics and foundamental properties that govern many aspects of neutronstars. To extract crucial information about the isospin-dependence of the nuclearEOS, the PI proposes to investigate several experimental observables in nuclear reac-tions induced by energetic neutron-rich nuclei at existing radioactive beam facilitiesand the future Rare Isotope Accelerator, identified as the top priority for new con-struction in the U.S. LRP for nuclear physics. Moreover, several novel propertiesof dense neutron-rich matter will be explored. These include the isospin separationinstability, the unique 0