SGER: The Impact of a Sea Surface Skin Temperature Parameterization on Tropical Convection in Climate System Model (CSM)

PI将开发一种方法，以改善耦合海洋-大气模型中的海表温度（SST）规格，特别是社区气候系统模型（CCSM）。 问题是，各种温度传感方法测量不同深度的海洋“表面”温度;卫星约1毫米，现场温度计约1米，漂移器约5米，船舶约5-10米。 这些不同的数据“混合”成一个“散装”SST数据集，以代表海洋温度在1米。 但是，在自然界中，耦合海洋和大气的海气通量发生在它们的界面上，并且使用现有的观测技术无法测量界面处的SST。 我们所能做的最好的是在几微米深的地方用红外或微波传感器观测SST（“皮肤”温度）或几毫米深度（表层下温度）。PI将开发一种调整算法，以说明SST整体和SST表层的差异，以产生一个SST数据集，该数据集可用作CCSM大气模式的下边界条件。如果成功，该项目将改进重要的海洋-大气耦合过程的模型表示。 超过100名科学家和学生使用CCSM进行研究。 此外，CCSM是美国用于国家和国际气候变化预测和评估的两个气候模型之一，因此它为美国和国际能源/环境政策审议提供了相关的科学知识。

The PIs will develop a method to improve the specification of sea surface temperature (SST) in coupled ocean-atmosphere models, specifically for the Community Climate System Model (CCSM). The issue is that various temperature sensing methods measure the ocean "surface" temperature at various depths; satellites at about 1 mm, in situ thermometers about 1 m, drifters about 5 m, and ships about 5-10 m. These disparate data are "blended" into a "bulk" SST data set to represent ocean temperature at 1 m. But, the air-sea fluxes that couple the domains of the ocean and atmosphere in nature occur at their interface and SST at the interface cannot be measured using current observing technologies. The best we can do is observe SST by infrared or microwave sensors at a few microns depth ("skin" temperature) or a few millimeters depth (sub-skin temperature).The PIs will develop an adjustment algorithm to account for the differences in SST bulk and SST skin, to produce an SST data set that can be used as a lower boundary condition in the CCSM atmospheric model.If successful, this project would result in improved model representation of important ocean-atmosphere coupling processes. Over 100 scientists and students use the CCSM to conduct their research. Furthermore, the CCSM is one of two U.S. climate models used in national and international climate change projections and assessments, and it thus provides scientific knowledge relevant for U.S. and international energy/environment policy deliberations.