Collaborative Research; NSF-NJGS Drilling of the Greenhouse World: The Cretaceous Transect

[0307101]在新泽西海岸平原陆上（PI和他的同事）和新泽西州陆架和斜坡（ODP）海上成功的钻探提供了：1)主要的晚白垩世-新生代层序边界的年龄；2) 42 ~ 10 Ma之间层序边界的形成与冰盖生长之间的因果关系，以及这种联系存在于更古老的、被认为是“无冰”的世界的证据；3)全球海平面变化幅度的估计；4)评价层序地层结构与全球海平面变化、边缘演化之间的联系；5)对始新世中—早渐新世全球变冷、古新世晚期热极大值、K/T边界、早、晚马斯垂事件、Cenomanian/Turonian碳提取事件等地球历史重大事件成因的约束。在Bass River和Ancora， NJ层序的反剥离结果考虑了沉积物负荷、压实、古深度和盆地沉降的影响，提供了一个新的沉降估计。PI的研究表明，大的（25米）和快速的（1米）上升变化发生在晚白垩纪温室世界。这就要求要么是小冰原在这段时间内控制了海平面的变化，要么是我们对全球海平面变化的因果机制的理解从根本上存在缺陷。有孔虫氧同位素变化与冰川期成因一致。该合同将允许PIs利用与新泽西州地质调查局（NJGS）和美国地质调查局（USGS）联合资助和合作的机会，在新泽西州马纳斯泉附近的新泽西州海岸钻探一个井眼，该井眼将提供该地区最厚的海洋上白垩纪剖面，并与2002年获得的海上MCS剖面相关联。这些地震剖面穿过厚海相上白垩统地层，揭示了温室层序地层几何形状；在Manasquan的钻探将提供这些地震序列的详细年龄和相控制。此外，NJGS还资助了新泽西州Millville（1500英尺）和新泽西州Batsto（1500英尺）的上白垩统目标的钻井成本。这5个地点将提供上-下倾和沿走向样带，以充分表征晚白垩世层序的年龄、相和分布。美国地质调查局东部地表过程小组将在马纳斯泉钻一个1600英尺的钻孔；并将于2004年春季在Batsto钻探1500-1600英尺的井眼

0307101KominzSuccessful drilling onshore in the New Jersey Coastal Plain (by the PI and his colleagues) and offshore on the NJ shelf and slope (ODP) has provided: 1) ages for major Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic sequence boundaries; 2) causal links between the formation of sequence boundaries and the growth of ice sheets between 42 and 10 Ma, and evidence that such a link exists in the older, supposedly "ice-free" world; 3) estimates of the amplitudes of global sea-level changes; 4) evaluation of links among sequence stratigraphic architecture, global sea-level variations, and margin evolution; and 5) constraints on the causes of major global events in Earth history, including the middle Eocene-earliest Oligocene global cooling, the late Paleocene thermal maximum, the K/T boundary, early and late Maastrichtian events, and the Cenomanian/Turonian carbon extraction event. Backstripping results of sequences at Bass River and Ancora, NJ accounts for the effects of sediment loading, compaction, paleodepth, and basin subsidence, providing a new eustatic estimate. The PI's studies indicate that large (25m) and rapid (1m.y.) eustatic variations occurred in the Late Cretaceous Greenhouse world. This requires that either small ice sheets paced sea-level changes during this time, or our understanding of causal mechanisms for global sea-level change is fundamentally flawed. Foraminiferal oxygen isotope changes are consistent with a glacioeustatic cause. This award will allow the PIs to take advantage of an opportunity for joint funding and collaboration with the New Jersey Geological Survey (NJGS) and the US Geological Survey (USGS) by drilling a borehole on the coast of NJ near Manasquan, NJ that will provide the thickest marine Upper Cretaceous section in the region and tie to offshore MCS profiles obtained in 2002. These seismic profiles cross thick marine Upper Cretaceous strata, revealing sequence stratigraphic geometries for this Greenhouse interval; drilling at Manasquan will provide detailed age and facies controls on these seismic sequences. In addition, the NJGS is funding drilling costs for Upper Cretaceous targets at Millville, NJ (1500 ft) and Batsto, NJ (1500 ft.). Together, these 5 sites will provide updip-downdip and along-strike transects that will fully characterize the ages, facies, and distribution of Late Cretaceous sequences.The USGS Eastern Earth Surface Processes Team will drill a 1600 ft. borehole at Manasquan; and will follow this with a 1500-1600 ft. borehole at Batsto in Spring 2004