DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Origin and Evolution of Polyploid Frogs

论文研究：多倍体青蛙的起源和进化

• 批准号: 0308853
• 负责人: David Hillis
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-06-01 至 2005-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0308853&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Origin; Evolution; Polyploid

Polyploidization is an increase in genome content by duplication of existing DNA or fusion of two species' genomes. Polyploidization events provide new material for natural selection to act upon. For example, genes with new functions may evolve or large portions of the duplicated genome may be deleted. The proposed research will focus on studying this phenomenon in gray treefrogs. Some gray treefrogs are diploid and have two sets of chromosomes, while the others are tetraploid and have four complete sets. Tetraploid frogs originated from diploid populations. Molecular data from different genes will be collected to determine (1) which diploid populations contributed to the formation of the tetraploids and (2) whether doubling of the genome content has changed the rate of evolution.This study will have broad impacts by advancing the understanding of basic biological research and educating undergraduate and graduate students. Women are represented at both undergraduate and graduate levels. This cross-disciplinary genomics project incorporates phylogenetics, molecular evolution, and computer science with state-of-the-art techniques and equipment. Results will be published in scientific journals and presented at society meetings and in public forums. DNA sequence data will be made publicly available through submission to the GenBank database. Finally, this work addresses questions of relevance to agricultural crops, many of which have polyploid origins.

多倍化是指通过复制现有的DNA或融合两个物种的基因组来增加基因组含量。多倍化事件为自然选择的作用提供了新的材料。例如，具有新功能的基因可能会进化，或者复制的基因组的很大一部分可能会被删除。这项拟议的研究将重点研究灰色树蛙中的这种现象。一些灰树蛙是二倍体，有两组染色体，而另一些是四倍体，有四套完整的染色体。四倍体青蛙起源于二倍体种群。我们将收集不同基因的分子数据，以确定(1)哪些二倍体种群促成了四倍体的形成，以及(2)基因组含量加倍是否改变了进化速度。这项研究将对增进对基础生物学研究的理解，培养本科生和研究生产生广泛的影响。女性在本科生和研究生中都有代表。这个跨学科的基因组学项目结合了系统发育、分子进化和计算机科学，以及最先进的技术和设备。研究成果将发表在科学期刊上，并在学会会议和公共论坛上公布。DNA序列数据将通过提交给GenBank数据库公开提供。最后，这项工作解决了与农作物相关的问题，其中许多作物是多倍体起源的。