Collaborative Research: Black Migration to the West, 1930-2000

在整个20世纪，内部移民重塑了非裔美国人的人口。它使黑人人口的地区分布发生了戏剧性的变化，结束了黑人长期集中在南方的局面。它把以农村和农业为主的人口变成了城市人口。因此，它强烈地影响了南方和非南方的种族动态。该项目调查了1930年至2000年间非裔美国人向西部迁移这一更广泛的人口现象的一个重要但迄今尚未得到充分研究的方面。该项目的总体目标是更好地了解西方移民是谁，以及他们到达后的生活状况。ppi将主要依靠1930年至2000年十年一次人口普查的现有公共使用微数据样本（PUMS）来实现五个主要实质性目标。首先，为西方移民建立档案，包括各种社会人口特征（如教育/识字、经济地位、城市/农村出身、居住地和家庭模式）的信息。第二，进行比较分析：(1)确定西部移民与其他地区移民或与非移民之间的差异程度；(2)评估西部移民本身之间的差异程度。第三，进行时间分析，检查移民概况和群体对比如何随时间变化。第四，完成背景分析，考虑当地特征对移民的影响程度，以及他们相对于西方其他群体的处境。第五，研究西部人口回流模式及其与东北、中西部人口回流模式的差异。这个项目产生的新的数据来源和实质性发现将大大促进我们对20世纪非洲裔美国人大迁徙的一个重要方面的理解，以及西部黑人人口的增长。它们还将为有关以下方面的重要理论问题的调查提供宝贵的证据：区域间移徙；黑人和黑人移民经历的地域差异西方种族和民族之间的关系；西部黑人聚居区的发展；西方由种族和民族决定的职业等级；以及群体规模对少数群体成员个人社会经济结果的影响。该项目具有超越其科学贡献的更广泛的影响。研究生将在整个项目期间参与，为专业发展和人力资本获取提供极好的机会。本科生还可以通过两所大学的独立学习项目获得第一手的研究经验，在参与实际研究项目的同时获得学分。研究结果将通过在以跨学科为重点的期刊上发表和在跨学科会议上发表论文的方式传播给跨学科的读者。数据编制活动将通过明尼苏达州人口中心的综合公共使用微数据系列网站创建新的数据来源供公众传播。

SES-0317247Stewart TolnayUniversity of WashingtonSES-0317254Joseph AlexanderUniversity of Minnesota-Twin Cities Internal migration reshaped the African American population throughout the twentieth century. It produced a dramatic shift in the regional distribution of the black population, ending its long-standing and overwhelming concentration in the South. It turned a predominantly rural and agricultural population into urbanites. And, as a result, it strongly influenced racial dynamics in the South and non-South, alike. The project investigates a significant, but thus far understudied, aspect of this broader demographic phenomenon - African American migration to the West from 1930 through 2000. The general goals for the project are to gain a better understanding of who the western migrants were and how they fared after they arrived. The PIs will rely primarily on existing Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) from the decennial censuses for 1930 through 2000 to pursue five major substantive objectives. First, to construct profiles for migrants to the West, including information about a variety of socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., education/literacy, economic status, urban/rural origins, residence, and family patterns). Second, to conduct comparative analyses that: (1) determine the extent to which western migrants differed from migrants to other regions, or from non-migrants, and (2) assess the amount of variation among the western migrants, themselves. Third, to conduct temporal analyses that examine how the migrant profiles, and group contrasts, varied over time. Fourth, to complete contextual analyses that consider the extent to which the characteristics of local areas affected the migrants and their situation relative to other groups within the West. Fifth, to study patterns of return migration from the West, and how they differed from return migration patterns from the Northeast and Midwest. The new data sources and substantive findings resulting from this project will advance, significantly, our understanding of an important aspect of the Great Migration of African Americans during the twentieth century, and the growth of the black population in the West. They will also provide valuable evidence for the investigation of theoretically-important issues related to: interregional migration; regional variation in the experience of blacks and black migrants; relations among racial and ethnic groups in the West; growth of the black ghetto in the West; racially- and ethnically-determined occupational hierarchies in the West; and the effects of group size on individual socioeconomic outcomes for minority group members. The project has broader impacts that transcend its scientific contributions. Graduate students will be involved in the project throughout its duration, offering an excellent opportunity for professional development and human capital acquisition. Undergraduates will also be able to gain first-hand research experience through independent study programs at both institutions that allow them to earn credit while participating in actual research projects. Findings will be disseminated to an interdisciplinary audience through publishing in journals with an interdisciplinary focus and by presenting papers at interdisciplinary conferences. The data preparation activities that will create new data sources for public dissemination through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series website at the Minnesota Population Center.