Comparative Method Development within Anthropology

人类学比较方法的发展

• 批准号: 0323793
• 负责人: Monique Borgerhoff Mulder
• 金额: $ 4.52万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-15 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0323793&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Comparative; Method; Development; within; Anthropology

This continued research will advance the comparative method in anthropology through development and application of new methods involving synchronic (variation across societies) and diachronic (variation across time) change. Using tree- and matrix-based methods to control for "Galton's Problem" (the independence of adjacent societies), and Boolean logic for holistic comparison of cases, the project will develop methods that examine how suites of characteristics covary using historical and present-day ethnographic information; evaluate these methods in relation both to other synchronic methods and to newly developed approaches in comparative historical sociology; and apply these methods to test hypotheses using comparative data. The project will test a set of hypotheses (mainly focusing on marriage and bridewealth) about cross-cultural variability using the ethnographic literature (codings of 120 variables for 38 societies) from East Africa over the past 100 years. This research will advance our knowledge of East African societies, will help re-establish comparative cross-cultural research as a central part of anthropology, and will help link qualitative and quantitative research traditions.

这种持续的研究将通过发展和应用涉及共时（跨社会变化）和历时（跨时间变化）变化的新方法来推进人类学的比较方法。基于树和矩阵的方法控制“高尔顿问题”（相邻社会的独立性）和布尔逻辑的情况下进行整体比较，该项目将开发的方法，研究如何使用历史和当今的人种学信息的特点套协变;评价这些方法与其他同步方法和比较历史社会学的新发展的方法;并应用这些方法来检验假设使用比较数据。该项目将利用东非过去100年的人种志文献（38个社会的120个变量的编码），检验一套关于跨文化差异的假设（主要侧重于婚姻和新娘）。这项研究将促进我们对东非社会的了解，将有助于重新建立比较跨文化研究作为人类学的核心部分，并将有助于将定性和定量研究传统联系起来。