ITR Collaborative Research: Biometrics - Performance, Security, and Social Impact

生物识别系统自动测量一个人的生理或行为“签名”，根据这个“签名”可以做出认证或确定该人的身份的决定。通过这种方式，生物识别系统提供了将个人用户的物理存在与她的网络行为联系在一起的手段。尽管这些系统的使用越来越多，但无论是用于建模和预测其性能的分析框架，还是一组标准的多生物特征数据，研究人员都无法用于测试目的。这项研究通过确定可以对生物识别系统的性能进行建模和预测的分析框架来解决这些不足，通过研究多生物识别和有效的脆弱性对策来消除生物识别系统性能的关键障碍，并了解生物识别应用、隐私、安全和用户接受之间的关系，这些关系对于知情的公共政策和系统设计都是必不可少的。解决这一组相互关联的关键技术障碍和社会问题将促进对生物识别系统接受、性能和设计的理解，并将实现对普适计算和支持国土安全需求至关重要的可靠身份验证和识别功能。由这项研究的协调任务产生的数据集也作为资源提供给生物识别研究、开发人员和用户社区。

Biometric systems automatically measure a physiological or behavioral "signature" of an individual, from which a decision can be rendered to either authenticate or determine the identity of that individual. In this way, biometric systems provide the means to bind the physical presence of an individual user with her cyber action. Despite the increasing use of these systems, neither an analytic framework for modeling and predicting their performance, nor a set of standard multibiometric data is available to researchers for testing purposes. This research addresses these deficiencies by determining an analytic framework in which the performance of biometric systems can be modeled and predicted, removing key barriers to biometric system performance through research in multibiometrics and effective vulnerability countermeasures, and understanding the relationships among biometric applications, privacy, security, and user acceptance that are essential for both informed public policy and system design. Addressing this interrelated set of key technical barriers and societal issues will advance the understanding of biometric system acceptance, performance, and design, and will enable trustworthy authentication and identification functions essential to pervasive computing and supporting homeland security needs. The data sets generated by the coordinated tasks of this research are also being made available as a resource to the biometrics research, developer, and user communities.