NRT: Collaborative Research: A Unified Experimental Environment for Diverse Networks

未来网络和分布式系统技术发展的一个关键问题是试验台基础设施的可用性。作为三个组成部分，它的可用性。首先，它要求试验台在现实场景中提供一组多样化的现代网络资源：包括PC、(潜在的移动)无线和传感器节点、商用质量的交换机和路由器以及现代网络互连的环境。第二，可用性需要软件来有效地管理这些资源的使用：这需要通过统一的和可远程访问的用户界面向实验者提供硬件级别的访问，同时还确保实验环境内外的安全性可用性需要用于实验操作、监控、测量和验证的基础设施：例如，注入网络传输和故障的能力，从实验中获得准确数据的能力，以及确保试验台是真实世界的准确模型的能力。本提案中描述的工作是建立在犹他大学的S网络上，以解决上述三个方面的可用性。16.5万行网络系统软件系统是一个操作系统，用于分布式系统和网络中的实验。它的大部分代码独立于网络的实际机制，因此它提供了一个跨各种机制的实验人员的通用接口，包括真实网络、集群中的仿真网络和模拟网络。Netabed对混合实验的支持允许真实代码、抽象的事务生成、合成网络环境和真实网络的灵活组合。Emulab Netabed的S主要资源是一个非常成功的170节点、时间和空间共享的自动化集群试验台，已经在24/7的生产中使用了几年。目前，来自50个机构的440名研究人员正在使用NetBed，用于80多个项目。拟议的工作将在四个方面提供成果。首先，现有的Emulab集群和连接将扩大和现代化。Emulab将不断发展，为公众提供持续的服务包括用户支持。犹他州和威斯康星州的互补设施(WAIL)将连接在一起，允许资源分配和跨它们的协同调度。这将提供从模拟，通过基于PC的路由器上的仿真，到在真实路由器上的大规模测试的无缝过渡。第二，NetBed将扩展到对用户尽可能透明地控制许多其他类型的网络设备和部署。NetBed将提供无线、传感器和移动设备四个不同的平台，从一组无线节点(桌面环境)到实际部署在校园规模上的一组移动设备。网床设施也将被推广，增加了“硬”设备--IP路由器、第一层交换机、光设备、英特尔IXP和部署在广域内的节点--以及新的“软”设备作为虚拟节点和链路，以实现1-2个数量级的更大规模的实验。第三，网床系统，特别是Emulab集群，将被“强化”，以便在部署时，它可以安全地隔离恶意代码，同时仍可供研究人员远程访问。增强的Emulab将能够作为大多数网络安全研究和评估、SUCAS蠕虫遏制、IP回溯、入侵检测以及拒绝服务(DoS)和分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)攻击的反措施的试验台。要支持这些领域的研究，将需要Emulab支持运行Microsoft Windows的操作系统。第四，新软件将为现实网络传输、网络传输测量、广泛的网络监控系统和测量档案将为网络研究人员和整个社区提供重要的数据。它也将是我们验证建模和测试模型的主要数据来源。所提出的工作的智力价值在于为联网和分布式系统实验创造了新的技术。这项工作将开发新的技术，用于在单一和统一的实验框架内集成广泛的各种资源，包括实际和模拟的硬件和软件。这项工作将在扩展的Emulab集群中实现，研究人员将继续使用该集群，它还将在网床的S软件中实现，其他希望单独或与网床合作运营自己的试验床的机构可以使用该软件。这直接关系到拟议工作的更广泛影响。扩展Emulab的创建和交付，以及管理类似试验床的软件，将导致新的试验床和新的试验床功能可供世界各地的研究人员使用。这将直接推动未来系统的开发，以及学生和计算机专业人员的教学和培训。

A critical issue for t e development of future network and distributed system technologies is the availabil-ity of testbed infrastructure for conducting research.Availability as three components.First,it requiresthat testbeds provide a set of diverse and modern networking resources in realistic scenarios:environmentsthat include PCs,(potentially mobile)wireless and sensor nodes,commercial-quality switches and routers,and modern network interconnects.Second,availability requires software to e .ectively manage the use ofthese resources:this requires providing "hardware level" access to experimenters,through a uni .ed and re-motely accessible user interface,in a manner that also ensures security both inside and outside experimentalenvironments.Third,availability requires infrastructure for experiment manipulation,monitoring,measure-ment,and validation:e.g.,the ability to inject network tra .c and faults,the ability to obtain precise datafrom experiments,and the assurance that the testbed is an accurate model of the real world.The work described in this proposal is to build on the University of Utah 's Netbed to address the threeaspects of availability described above.The 165,000 line Netbed software system is e .ectively an operatingsystem for experiments in distributed systems and networking.The bulk of its code is independent ofthe network 's actual mec anisms,so it presents a common interface to experimenters across a variety ofmec anisms,including real networks,emulated networks in a cluster,and simulated networks.Netbed 'ssupport for ybrid experimentation allows .exible combinations of real code,abstracted tra .c generation,synthetic network environments,and real networks.Emulab Netbed 's primary resource,is an extremelysuccessful 170-node,time-and space-shared automated cluster testbed that as been in 24/7 production usefor several years.Netbed is currently being used by 440 researchers,from 50 institutions,for over 80 projects.The proposed work will provide deliverables in four areas.First,the existing Emulab cluster and itsinterconnect will be enlarged and modernized.Emulab will grow to provide continuing service to the public,including user support.The complementary Utah and Wisconsin facilities (WAIL)will be linked,allowingresource allocation and co-scheduling across them.This will provide a seamless transition from simulation,through emulation on PC-based routers,to large-scale testing on real routers.Second,Netbed will beextended to control,as transparently to users as possible,many additional kinds of network devices anddeployments.Netbed will provide four di .erent platforms of wireless,sensor,and mobile devices,rangingfrom a .xed array of wireless nodes (a "tabletop" environment)to an actual set of mobile devices deployedon a campus scale.The Netbed facilities will also be generalized with the addition of "hard" devices -IP routers,layer 1 switches,optical devices,Intel IXPs,and nodes deployed in the wide-area - as wellas new "soft" devices suc as virtual nodes and links to enable experiments at 1 - 2 orders of magnitudegreater scale.Third,the Netbed system,speci .cally the Emulab cluster,will be "hardened" so that,whendeployed,it can safely quarantine malicious code while still being remotely accessible to researchers.Theenhanced Emulab will be able to serve as a testbed for most network security researc and evaluation,sucas worm containment,IP traceback,intrusion detection,and counter measures for denial-of-service (DoS),and distributed denial-of-service (DDoS)attacks.Support for researc in these areas will require Emulab tosupport osts running Microsoft Windows.Fourth,new software will provide a comprehensive system forrealistic network tra .c generation,network tra .c measurements,and a measurement arc ive.A wide areanetwork monitoring system and measurement archive will provide important data to Netbed researchers andthe community at large.It will also serve as the primary source of data from whic we can validate ourmodeling and test e .orts.The intellectual merit of the proposed work lies in the creation of new technologies for networking anddistributed system experimentation.This work will develop new techniques for integrating widely variedresources,both actual and simulated,both hardware and software,within a single and uni .ed experimentalframework.This work will be realized in an expanded Emulab cluster,whic will continue to be available toresearchers,and it will also be realized in Netbed 's software that can be used by other institutions that wishto run their own testbeds - separately,or in cooperation with Netbed.This ties directly to the broaderimpacts of the proposed work.The creation and delivery of an expanded Emulab,as well as the softwarecapable of managing similar testbeds,will result in new testbeds and new testbed capabilities being madeavailable to researchers worldwide.This will directly advance the development of future systems,as well asthe teac ing and training of students and computing professionals.