Origins and Dynamics for the Variety of Broadband Electrostatic Waves in Earth's Magnetotail

宽带静电噪声（BEN）通常是卫星在地球磁尾上观测到的。该项目将建立在新一代BEN模型的初步结果之上。该模型既有源区捕获粒子孤立波，也有更大范围的宽带非孤立波。这项新工作将发展非线性孤立波理论。该项目还将为每一种波浪综合独特的理论解释。主要有三个任务。(1)阐明ISEE-1卫星观测到的非孤立、束驱动等离子体不稳定性。将研究等离子体不均匀性和不稳定饱和度的作用。(2)分析了磁场对光束驱动波中粒子捕获产生的非线性模式的影响。本文将用广义Bernstein-Green-Kruskal （BGK）模型分析孤立波中被困粒子的动力学。(3)综合前两项任务的结果，形成BEN起源、演化和动态的统一图景。

Broadband electrostatic noise (BEN) is often observed by satellites traversing the earth's magnetotail. This project will build on the preliminary results of a new model for the generation of BEN. The model has both source region trapped-particle solitary waves as well as a much larger region of broadband non-solitary waves. The new work will develop the theory of the nonlinear solitary waves. The project will also synthesize unique theoretical explanations for each of the wave varieties. There are three primary tasks. (1) Elucidate the non-solitary, beam-driven plasma instabilities observed by the ISEE-1 satellite. The roles of plasma inhomogeneities and instability saturation will be examined. (2) Analyze the influences of the magnetic field on nonlinear modes created by particle trapping in waves driven by the beams. The dynamics of trapped particles in the solitary waves will be analyzed for a generalized Bernstein-Green-Kruskal (BGK) model. (3) Synthesis the results from the first two tasks into a unified picture for the origin, evolution and dynamics of BEN.