SBIR Phase I: Pneumatic Scour Measurement System

SBIR 第一阶段：气动冲刷测量系统

• 批准号: 0338922
• 负责人: Edward Mercado
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: North American Geotechnical Co
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2004-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0338922&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Pneumatic; Scour; Measurement

This Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I project addresses the problem of measuring scour depth around bridge foundations under flood conditions. Flood-borne debris collecting around bridge piers forms bird's nests that aggravate scour by creating excess turbulence and preventing conventional scour detection techniques. The Pneumatic Scour Detection System (PSDS)addresses both problems of measuring scour through a bird's nest of debris and withstanding the ravages of flood-borne debris. This technique is based on the differential resistance to airflow through a vertical array of porous filters made of sintered brass. The array of filters are sealed into the wall of a probe used as a probe and battered through the bird's nest into the river bottom adjacent to the pier like a large nail. Shallow filters are exposed to water, and deeper filters are exposed to competent soil.The 2002 National Bridge Inventory lists 22, 414 scour-critical bridges, many with bird's nests of debris. Flood-borne debris masks the river bottom surrounding the pier, making ineffective all currently available scour detection instrumentation, such as sonar depth sounders, ground-penetrating radar, and precludes visual inspection, limiting the bridge engineers ability to determine the safety of the bridge during flood events. The PSDS probe is permanently installed adjacent to scour-critical piers with the multiple pneumatic hoses bundled at the top of the probe for easy connection to an off-site portable pressure measurement instrument when flood events are in progress or anticipated. Once installed, the bridge engineers have available real-time information of the scour conditions at the pier, enabling them to close the bridge to traffic when dangerous conditions develop. Additionally, yearly monitoring of the scourconditions provides the bridge engineer the knowledge of depth of scour and is then able to schedule remediation before pier movement occurs, keeping maintenance costs to a minimum.

这个小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目解决了洪水条件下测量桥梁基础周围冲刷深度的问题。洪水携带的碎片聚集在桥墩周围形成鸟巢，通过产生过度湍流和阻止常规冲刷检测技术来加剧冲刷。气动冲刷探测系统（PSDS）解决了测量冲刷通过鸟巢的碎片和承受洪水携带的碎片的破坏两个问题。该技术基于对通过由烧结黄铜制成的多孔过滤器的垂直阵列的气流的不同阻力。过滤器阵列被密封在用作探针的探针的壁中，并像一个大钉子一样穿过鸟巢进入码头附近的河底。浅层的过滤器暴露在水中，深层的过滤器暴露在合格的土壤中。2002年国家桥梁清单列出了22414座严重损坏的桥梁，许多桥梁的碎片都像鸟巢一样。洪水携带的碎片掩盖了桥墩周围的河底，使目前所有可用的冲刷检测仪器（如声纳测深仪、探地雷达）失效，并妨碍了目视检查，限制了桥梁工程师在洪水事件期间确定桥梁安全性的能力。PSDS探头永久安装在洪水临界桥墩附近，探头顶部捆绑有多个气动软管，以便在洪水事件正在进行或预计发生时轻松连接到场外便携式压力测量仪器。一旦安装完成，桥梁工程师就可以获得桥墩冲刷情况的实时信息，使他们能够在危险情况发生时关闭桥梁。此外，每年对冲刷情况的监测为桥梁工程师提供了冲刷深度的知识，然后能够在桥墩移动发生之前安排补救措施，将维护成本降至最低。