JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship: Functional Labeling of Olfactory Receptor Neurons

该奖项为詹森·桑达尔博士提供为期一年的日本科学促进会（JSPS）短期博士后奖学金。他将与日本北海道大学的Hiroshi Ueda教授合作。他们将对嗅觉受体神经元的功能标记进行研究。本研究有两个主要目的。首先是进一步开发技术，以视觉标记（和识别）鲑鱼中受刺激的嗅觉神经元，包括嗅上皮（鼻子）、嗅球和端脑（前脑）的神经元。第二个目标是使用这些方法来确定三种农药的目标，这些农药对鲑鱼的嗅觉系统具有神经毒性，并且被认为会影响嗅觉通路的特定区域。研究人员将开发两种标记技术。第一种是利用一种叫做agmatine的化合物，这是一种相对较小的分子，一旦离子通道被激活，它就能渗透到离子通道中。这包括给鱼一种气味（可以激活神经元），同时给它的鼻子一种胍丁胺。第二种标记技术是最近开发的，它使用一种称为FM1-43的化合物，标记非常快速，并且可以在完整的动物中重复进行。他们选择了三种模型毒素进行研究，每种毒素被认为针对嗅觉通路的不同区域。毒素是铜，艾氰菊酯和毒死蜱。该项目汇集了两个具有互补专业知识和研究能力的实验室的努力。这项研究有望进一步了解鱼类生物学和环境毒理学。这项合作研究的预期成果包括开发鲑鱼嗅觉系统的功能标记技术和识别三种常见毒素的嗅觉系统内的目标。这个项目将为两国共同努力提供一个很好的机会。通过思想和技术的交流，该项目将扩大我们的基础知识基础，促进国际了解与合作。研究结果将在科学会议和科学期刊上传播。

0343958SandahlThis award supports a one-year Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Short-Term Postdoctoral Fellowship for Dr. Jason Sandahl. He will be collaborating with Professor Hiroshi Ueda at Hokkaido University in Japan. They will undertake a study on the functional labeling of olfactory receptor neurons. There are two main objectives of this research. The first is to further develop techniques that will visually label (and identify) stimulated olfactory neurons in salmon, including neurons of the olfactory epithelium (the nose), and the olfactory bulb and telencephalon (the forebrain). The second objective is to use these methods to identify the targets of three pesticides that are neurotoxic to the salmon olfactory system and are believed to affect specific regions of the olfactory pathway. The researchers will develop two labeling techniques. The first utilizes a compound called agmatine, which is a relatively small molecule that is able to permeate certain ion channels once they have been activated. This involves presenting the fish with an odorant (which activates the neurons) while simultaneously presenting the nose with agmatine. The second labeling technique was developed recently which utilizes a compound called FM1-43 in which the labeling is very rapid, and can be performed repeatedly in intact animals. They have chosen three model toxins to investigate, with each toxin believed to target a different region of the olfactory pathway. The toxins are Copper, Esfenvalerate and Chlorpyrifos. The project brings together the efforts of two laboratories that have complementary expertise and research capabilities. The research is expected to further knowledge in both fish biology and environmental toxicology. The anticipated outcomes of this collaborative research include the development of functional labeling techniques in the salmon olfactory system and identification of targets within the olfactory system of three common toxins. This project will offer a good opportunity to join efforts between the two countries. Through the exchange of ideas and technology, this project will broaden our base of basic knowledge and promote international understanding and cooperation. Results of the research will be disseminated at scientific meetings and in scientific journals.