CAREER: Origins of high Indo-West Pacific marine biodiversity: the role of allopatric divergence in marine environments.

印度-西太平洋（IWP）拥有世界上最高的海洋生物多样性。多样性梯度表明，该地区是一个起源中心，但这一理论缺乏一个令人信服的机制来解释这种生物多样性的创造。 虽然陆地生物学家在很大程度上依赖于异域模式来解释物种形成和生物多样性的创造，异域分歧的适当性是值得怀疑的海洋生态系统中，远洋幼虫扩散被认为是促进基因流和限制地理上孤立的人群之间的遗传分化。Barber博士和其他人以前的工作对这一假设提出了挑战，他们在整个IWP中确定了口足类动物种群的急剧区域遗传突变，这表明马鲁卡海和弗洛雷斯海可能是浮游幼虫扩散的障碍。该项目整合了物理海洋学，种群遗传学和地理学的比较phylgeographic框架，明确测试的作用，异地分歧海洋物种与远洋幼虫扩散。通过研究多个珊瑚礁栖息物种的地理、时间和系谱一致性，（通过周边种群的替代或隔离）将被明确测试，显著推进我们对IWP中高海洋生物多样性的起源和海洋环境进化过程的理解。这项工作将为本科/研究生教育努力的形式，通过研究海洋环境中的幼虫扩散/补充和进化过程，将海洋生物学和现代分子遗传学结合起来。课程工作将通过本科研究经验进行扩展和增强，这些经验通过独立的指导研究提供实地和实验室技术培训。这项研究将成为科学交流、培训和指导研究生和印度尼西亚科学家的渠道，为下一代海洋科学家研究IWP的海洋环境做好准备。本科生教育工作将模糊海洋生物学和分子生物学之间的传统界限，并将通过提供有凝聚力的综合研究经验来提高对海洋研究的兴趣。针对代表性不足的少数群体积极开展招聘工作，以获得这些机会，将增加海洋科学界的多样性。这些本科研究活动与新的和现有的课程在研究重点轨道的结合将作为一个模型，扩大在波士顿大学海洋计划的课程，并将增加本科教育和研究机会在伍兹霍尔社区。研究生教育和国际科学交流将扩大精通海洋科学分子技术理论和应用的海洋科学家群体，并将促进国际水方案重点海洋研究的增加。通过这些共同努力所产生的结果对于海洋资源的管理至关重要。查明区域孤立的动物群及其形成过程将有助于确定区域管理单位，有助于以具有生物学意义的方式制定国际水方案高度威胁珊瑚礁的海洋养护战略。结合这些活动将提供一个职业生涯的基础，整合研究和教育，在追求理解海洋环境中的扩散和进化过程。

The Indo-West Pacific (IWP) has the highest marine biodiversity in the world. Diversity gradients suggest that this region is a Center of Origin, yet this theory lacks a convincing mechanism to explain the creation of this biodiversity. Although terrestrial biologists rely heavily on allopatric models to explain speciation and the creation of biodiversity, the appropriateness of allopatric divergence is questionable in marine ecosystems where pelagic larval dispersal is assumed to facilitate gene flow and limit genetic differentiation among geographically isolated populations. Previous work Dr. Barber and others has challenged this assumption by identifying sharp regional genetic breaks in stomatopod populations throughout the IWP, suggesting that the Malucca and Flores Seas may act as barriers to pelagic larval dispersal. This project integrates physical oceanography, population genetics, and geography in a comparative phylgeographic framework to explicitly test the role of allopatric divergence in marine species with pelagic larval dispersal. By examining geographic, temporal, and genealogical concordance in multiple reef-dwelling species, allopatric divergence across the Malucca and Flores Seas (by vicariance or isolation of peripheral populations) will be explicitly tested, significantly advancing our understanding of the origins of high marine biodiversity in the IWP and of evolutionary processes in marine environments.This work will form the foundation of undergraduate/graduate education efforts in The form of courses that integrate marine biology and modern molecular genetics through the study of larval dispersal/recruitment and evolutionary processes in marine environments. Course work will be extended and enhanced by undergraduate research experiences that provide training in field and laboratory techniques through independent mentored research. The research will form a conduit for a scientific exchange, training, and mentoring graduate students and Indonesian scientists to prepare the next generation of marine scientists for active careers studying the marine environments of the IWP.Undergraduate educational efforts will blur traditional boundaries separating marine and molecular biology and will increase interest in marine research by providing cohesive and integrated research experiences. Aggressive recruitment efforts targeting underrepresented minorities for these opportunities will increase diversity within the marine science community. The combination of these undergraduate research activities with new and existing courses in a research emphasis track will serve as a model for expanding the curriculum in the Boston University Marine Program and will increase undergraduate educational and research opportunities within the Woods Hole community. Graduate education and international scientific exchanges will expand the community of marine scientists that are proficient in the theory and application of molecular techniques to marine science, and will fertilize an increase in marine research focused in the IWP. The results produced through these combined efforts are essential to the management of marine resources. Identification of regionally isolated faunas and the processes that create them will aid in identifying regional management units, helping marine conservation strategies in the highly threaten reefs of the IWP to be framed in a biologically meaningful fashion. Combining these activities will provide the foundation for a career integrating research and education in the pursuit of understanding dispersal and evolutionary processes in marine environments.