Workshop on the Combined Modeling of Social and Physical Infrastructure Networks

摘要：网络科学领域的兴起及其在基础设施研究中的应用研讨会在过去的五年里，许多物理学家、互联网理论家、社会科学家和动态系统和复杂性专家在网络一般理论的发展方面取得了重大进展。这一理论及其经验基础被一些人称为网络科学，它试图解释网络为什么会出现，以及它们是如何成长和演变的。阿尔伯特-拉斯洛·巴拉巴西(Albert-Laszlo Barabasi)最近出版的一本书(2002)标志着网络科学作为科学研究领域的结合和出现。M·E·J·纽曼(M.E.J.Newman)最近对复杂网络的全面审查记录了其他学者对巴拉巴西断言的同意，即一门新的网络科学正在形成。社会科学家对网络科学做出了一些最重要的贡献，他们研究的是被称为社交网络的人类活动。在社交网络中发现了许多为物理网络确定的相同的一般属性，如小世界和无规模。纽曼的这篇评论明确承认了网络科学研究的跨学科性质，以及社会科学家对网络科学研究的主要贡献。一个悬而未决的问题是，网络科学的成果是否会被证明在工程应用中有用。这个问题的一个具体版本是，网络科学是否可以应用于基础设施网络的研究。尤其有趣的是，将详细描述人类活动模式的社会网络模型与传统的运筹学网络模型相融合，创建新一代网络模型，以更好地理解社会网络和基础设施网络的相互作用。事实上，研讨会的主题将是社会网络和实体网络的融合。与这一总主题一致，研讨会将探讨如何最好地构建将详细的社交网络与传统上用于研究物理基础设施的网络流量模型相结合的模型。将考虑的主要物理基础设施将是交通，尽管具有电信网络、金融网络和水资源网络背景的参与者也将受到欢迎。该研讨会的广泛影响包括：1)让不同的研究人员社区(特别是社会科学家和物理基础设施工程师)参与由共同科学联系起来的领域；2)发表研讨会会议记录和记录交流的完整视听记录；3)了解网络拓扑健壮性与攻击风险以及网络弹性和自我组织之间的联系。

Abstract: Workshop on the Emergence of the Field of Network Science and Its Application to the Study of InfrastructureIn the past five years a number of physicists, Internet theorists, social scientists and specialists in dynamic systems and complexity have made major strides in the development of a general theory of networks. This theory and its empirical foundation, which some have called network science, seeks to explain why networks appear and how they grow and evolve. A recent book by Albert-Laszlo Barabasi (2002) marks the coalescence and emergence of network science as a field of scientific inquiry. The agreement of other scholars with Barabasi's assertion that a new science of networks is emerging is documented in the recent comprehensive review of complex networks by M. E. J. Newman (2003). Some of the most important contributions to network science have been made by social scientists studying human activities expressed as so-called social networks. Many of the same general properties identified for physical networks, such as small worldness and scale freeness, have been discovered within social networks. The review by Newman explicitly recognizes the interdisciplinary nature of network science research and the major contributions to it made by social scientists.An unanswered question is whether the results of network science will prove useful in engineering applications. A specific version of this question is whether network science can be applied to the study of infrastructure networks. Especially interesting is the potential of fusing social network models which describe human activity patterns in great detail with traditional operations research network models to create a new generation of network models for better understanding the interaction of social and infrastructure networks. In fact the main theme of the workshop will be the fusion of social and physical networks. Consistent with this general theme, the workshop will explore how best to construct models that combine detailed social networks with network flow models traditionally used to study physical infrastructure. The dominant physical infrastructure to be considered will be transportation, although participants with backgrounds in telecommunication networks, financial networks and water resource networks will also be sought.The broad impacts of this workshop include 1) engaging diverse communities of researchers (specifically social scientists and physical infrastructure engineers) in areas linked by a common science; 2) published proceedings and complete audio-visual recording of the workshop documenting the exchange; and 3) the potential to understand the link between network topology robustness and exposure to attack as well as network resilience and self organization.