International Research Fellowship Program: The Impact of Facial Resemblance on Social Behavior and its Mediating Psychological Mechanisms

国际研究奖学金项目：面部相似对社会行为的影响及其中介心理机制

• 批准号: 0401951
• 负责人: Lisa DeBruine
• 金额: $ 9.79万
• 依托单位: DeBruine Lisa M
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0401951&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Impact

0401951DeBruineThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct three to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-one-month research fellowship by Dr. Lisa M. DeBruine to work with Dr. David I. Perrett at the University of St. Andrews in the United Kingdom.People have been shown to trust faces that look like them and to find these faces more attractive in some circumstances. This may be an adaptive response to a cue of kinship or a byproduct of perceptual mechanisms for face recognition. The aim of this project is to test these alternative explanations and to establish how responses to facial resemblance are affected by contextual cues, such as hormone levels. Responses to facial resemblance are being tested using face images made to resemble experimental participants using newly-developed computer-graphic techniques. Women's preferences for self-resembling faces are being assessed at different points in the menstrual cycle to test if women in the fertile stage have a relative aversion to self-resembling faces functioning to avoid inbreeding and if this aversion is specific to opposite-sex faces of an age relevant to mate choice. Pregnant women and new mothers are being similarly assessed to test if they have an increased preference for self-resembling faces functioning to facilitate nepotism. Expectant fathers are also being assessed to test if effects of facial resemblance are modulated by other cues of paternity probability. Demonstrations of such contextual sensitivities would provide support for the adaptive hypothesis and address the specificity of face encoding and kin recognition mechanisms.

国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行三到二十四个月的研究。该项目的奖项提供了联合研究的机会，并利用国外独特或互补的设施、专业知识和实验条件。该奖项将支持丽莎·M·德布鲁恩博士与英国圣安德鲁斯大学的大卫·I·佩雷特博士合作，为期21个月的研究奖学金。人们已经被证明信任长得像他们的面孔，并在某些情况下发现这些面孔更具吸引力。这可能是对亲属关系暗示的适应性反应，也可能是面部识别感知机制的副产品。这个项目的目的是测试这些可供选择的解释，并确定对面部相似的反应如何受到背景线索的影响，比如激素水平。通过使用最新开发的计算机图形技术制作的与实验参与者相似的面部图像，正在测试对面部相似的反应。研究人员在月经周期的不同时间点对女性对长得像的脸的偏好进行了评估，以测试处于生育阶段的女性是否对长得像的脸有相对的厌恶，以避免近亲交配，以及这种厌恶是否只出现在与配偶选择相关的年龄段的异性脸上。孕妇和新妈妈正在接受类似的评估，以测试她们是否更喜欢长相相似的脸，以促进裙带关系。准爸爸也在接受评估，以测试面部相似的影响是否会受到其他亲子关系概率线索的影响。这种背景敏感性的演示将为适应性假说提供支持，并解决面部编码和亲属识别机制的特殊性。