International Research Fellowship Program: Interactions Among Tropical Plants, Herbivores, Pathogens and Endophytic Fungi

国际研究奖学金计划：热带植物、食草动物、病原体和内生真菌之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 0401957
• 负责人: Sunshine Van Bael
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VanBael Sunshine A
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-01-01 至 2007-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0401957&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Interactions

0401957VanBaelThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct three to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-two-month research fellowship by Dr. Sunshine A. VanBael to work with Dr. Nelida Gomez at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama.Fungal endophytes are microorganisms that live inside, rather than on the surface, of healthy plant tissue. Endophytes have been found in all plants sampled, but little is known about how endophytes interact with plants and their natural enemies. The best studied endophyte systems are those with temperate, domesticated grasses. Here, the endophytic fungi are vertically transmitted (from mother to seed) and protect their hosts by producing compounds that deter herbivores. In tropical areas, however, investigation into the ecological and evolutionary roles of endophytic fungi has just begun. In contrastto the better studied grass systems, tropical endophytes are highly diverse, are horizontally transmitted (via spores), show host-plant affinities, and exhibit anti-pathogen activity. The PI will study how endophytic fungi modify plant/herbivore/pathogen interactions between Cassidine beetles (Cassidinae: Chrysomelidae) and their host plants (Convulvulaceae/Solanaceae) in Panama. These organisms were chosen as a model system because we have extensive background knowledge about their behavior,distribution, host-specificity and chemical ecology. Moreover, preliminary collections of the host plant material indicate that their endophytes are common, diverse and show host-plant affinity. This research will be the first to study interactions between plants, endophytes and herbivores in a tropical system. The host institution (STRI) is an ideal place to pursue this research because it requires input and facilities from several lab groups at STRI and the University of Panama, with which STRI maintains a scientific cooperation agreement.

0401957VanBael国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行三到二十四个月的研究。 该计划的奖项为联合研究以及使用国外独特或互补的设施、专业知识和实验条件提供了机会。该奖项将支持 Sunshine A. VanBael 博士与巴拿马史密森尼热带研究所的 Nelida Gomez 博士合作为期 22 个月的研究奖学金。内生真菌是生活在健康植物组织内部而不是表面的微生物。在所有采样的植物中都发现了内生菌，但人们对内生菌如何与植物及其天敌相互作用知之甚少。研究最透彻的内生菌系统是温带驯化草类的内生菌系统。在这里，内生真菌垂直传播（从母体到种子）并通过产生阻止食草动物的化合物来保护宿主。然而，在热带地区，对内生真菌的生态和进化作用的研究才刚刚开始。与更好研究的草系统相比，热带内生菌高度多样化，水平传播（通过孢子），表现出寄主植物亲和力，并表现出抗病原体活性。该项目负责人将研究巴拿马的内生真菌如何改变卡西丁甲虫（卡西丁亚科：叶甲科）与其寄主植物（旋涡科/茄科）之间的植物/草食动物/病原体之间的相互作用。选择这些生物体作为模型系统是因为我们对它们的行为、分布、宿主特异性和化学生态学有广泛的背景知识。此外，寄主植物材料的初步收集表明，它们的内生菌是常见的、多样的并且表现出寄主植物亲和力。这项研究将是第一个研究热带系统中植物、内生菌和食草动物之间相互作用的研究。主办机构 (STRI) 是开展这项研究的理想场所，因为它需要 STRI 和巴拿马大学的多个实验室小组的投入和设施，STRI 与巴拿马大学保持着科学合作协议。