Observations and Theory of Supernovae

超新星的观测和理论

• 批准号: 0406740
• 负责人: John Wheeler
• 金额: $ 46.52万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0406740&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Observations; Theory; Supernovae

0406740PI WheelerThe Texas supernova group is unique in its focus on both the observations and theory of asymmetric supernovae. They are continuing to explore Type Ia supernovae with optical and near infrared spectroscopy and optical spectropolarimetry with the goal of better understanding the progenitor evolution, the explosion physics, and the capacity of these supernovae to facilitate accurate cosmological measurements. Evidence possibly related to the binary nature of these objects has started a new branch of supernovae research to determine when the photospheres of supernovae become spherical and to better understand the dispersion in luminosity and color between objects due to effects of asphericity near supernova maximum. They are exploring the nature of the collapse of the stellar core, specifically probing asymmetries in the explosion with spectropolarimetry. One key factor in determining the physical nature of core collapse supernovae is the geometry of portions of the ejecta of different composition. This is determined by careful spectropolarimetry. Dynamical models of core collapse that generate bipolar and more complex flows are being tested to determine the degree of fundamental asymmetry in the explosion necessary to imprint different polarization in different chemical layers of the ejecta. They participate in the use of the Robotic Optical Transient Source Experiment telescope array to study gamma-ray bursts, supernovae, and their connection.Broader Impact: This work integrates research and education by advancing discovery and understanding, while at the same time educating graduate students and training postdoctoral researchers. The PI teaches a graduate course on supernova research that includes as active components many of the developments underway. In addition, the PI has long made it a practice to incorporate recent research developments into large classes for non-science majors, classes that are intrinsically diverse in terms of gender, ethnicity, disability, and geography. The PI also frequently publishes in the popular science literature and his work is featured in the new bilingual Texas Astronomy Education Center at McDonald Observatory. The PI has also worked to enhance the infrastructure of research by incorporating research on supernovae and gamma-ray bursts into an astrobiological context.

0406740PI惠勒德克萨斯州超新星小组的独特之处在于它关注不对称超新星的观测和理论。他们正在继续利用光学和近红外光谱和光学光谱偏振技术探索Ia型超新星，目的是更好地了解这些超新星的前驱演化、爆炸物理和促进精确宇宙学测量的能力。可能与这些天体的双星性质有关的证据已经开始了一个新的超新星研究分支，以确定超新星的光球体何时变成球形，并更好地理解由于超新星最大值附近的非球面度的影响，天体之间在光度和颜色上的色散。他们正在探索恒星核心坍塌的本质，特别是用分光偏振技术探测爆炸中的不对称性。决定核心坍塌超新星物理性质的一个关键因素是不同成分的抛射物部分的几何形状。这是由仔细的光谱偏振法确定的。正在测试产生双极和更复杂流动的核坍塌的动力学模型，以确定爆炸中的基本不对称程度，这是在喷出物的不同化学层中留下不同极化印记所必需的。他们参与使用机器人光学瞬变源实验望远镜阵列来研究伽马射线暴、超新星及其联系。广泛的影响：这项工作通过促进发现和理解，将研究和教育结合在一起，同时培养研究生和博士后研究人员。PI教授一门关于超新星研究的研究生课程，其中包括许多正在进行的开发活动。此外，PI长期以来一直将最近的研究进展纳入非理科专业的大班，这些班级在性别、种族、残疾和地理方面本质上是不同的。少年派还经常在科普文献中发表文章，他的作品被麦克唐纳天文台新的德克萨斯天文双语教育中心报道。国际和平研究所还努力加强研究基础设施，将超新星和伽马射线爆发研究纳入天体生物学范畴。