Studies of Heterogeneous Nucleation of Ice in Thin Films

薄膜中冰的异质成核研究

• 批准号: 0410007
• 负责人: Will Cantrell
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Michigan Technological University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0410007&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Studies; Heterogeneous; Nucleation; Ice; Thin

Professor Will Cantrell of the Michigan Technological University is supported by the Analytical and Surface Chemistry Program and the Physical Meteorology Program to investigate the molecular-scale mechanisms responsible for the nucleation of ice by particulates. Two classes of foreign substances are to be employed (organic films and insoluble solid surfaces) as a way of interrogating the relative roles of strain accommodation and crystalline defects in the nucleation process. The proposed experiments are designed to probe assumptions of classical nucleation theory such as the role played by the critical embrio, the effect on nucleation of the substrate morphology and the role of structured water molecules in the interfacial region. Infrared spectroscopy will be used in the form of attenuated total reflectance or a variant, attenuated internal reflection, spectroscopy. Graduate and undergraduate students will be educated this interdisciplinary research area involving chemistry, physics and atmospheric science.Ice formation on or within aerosol particles remains as one of the most poorly understood phenomena in the atmosphere. An improved understanding will allow better predictions of precipitation and the effects of changes in atmospheric aerosols on clouds and climate. This long-standing problem will require careful experimentation coupled with advanced theory to adequately address it.

密歇根理工大学的威尔·坎特雷尔教授得到了分析和表面化学计划以及物理气象学计划的支持，该计划旨在研究微粒成核的分子尺度机制。使用两类外来物质(有机薄膜和不溶性固体表面)作为一种方式来询问应变调节和晶体缺陷在成核过程中的相对作用。实验的目的是探索经典成核理论的假设，如临界晶核的作用、基片形貌对成核的影响以及界面区域中结构水分子的作用。红外光谱学将以衰减全反射或变种衰减内反射光谱学的形式使用。研究生和本科生将接受这一涉及化学、物理和大气科学的跨学科研究领域的教育。在气溶胶颗粒上或气溶胶颗粒内形成冰仍然是大气中最鲜为人知的现象之一。更好的理解将有助于更好地预测降雨量以及大气气溶胶变化对云和气候的影响。这个长期存在的问题需要仔细的实验和先进的理论来充分解决。