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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Complex Effects of Humans and Piscivores on Fish Assemblages in a Speciose Tropical River

论文研究：人类和食鱼动物对热带河流中鱼类群落的复杂影响

基本信息

批准号：
0411978
负责人：
Kirk Winemiller
金额：
$ 0.8万
依托单位：
Texas A&M Research Foundation
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-06-01 至 2005-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0411978&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Complex Effects Humans

项目摘要

Much of the world's species diversity is located in tropical and sub-tropical ecosystems, and a better understanding of the ecology of these systems is necessary to help stem biodiversity loss and assess community- and ecosystem-level responses to anthropogenic impacts. In this study, we will examine how the interaction between two species, the peacock bass and piranha, may render the peacock bass more susceptible to commercial net fishing. We hypothesize that piranha restrict peacock bass to near-shore habitats, an area where they can be readily exploited by netters. In large-scale (~ca. 500m2) experimental areas, we will examine if peacock bass move into shallower water in the presence of piranha than they otherwise would. Further, we will examine if the behavioral response of peacock bass has cascading effects on lower trophic levels, that is, composition of prey fish assemblages are different when peacock bass are restricted to shallow water. Experimental manipulations will be combined with landscape-scale surveys to examine the distribution of peacock bass, piranha, and the dominant prey of these species. These data will be incorporated with extensive stomach content and isotope analyses, to provide detailed information of food web structure in a species-rich tropical river. By describing human impacts within a food web context, we endeavor to provide predictive power regarding a specific environmental problem, yet still allowing for generality that will broaden the theoretical foundations and applications of food web ecology.

世界物种多样性大部分位于热带和亚热带生态系统，有必要更好地了解这些系统的生态，以帮助阻止生物多样性的丧失，并评估社区和生态系统对人类影响的反应。在这项研究中，我们将研究两个物种之间的相互作用，孔雀鲈鱼和食人鱼，可能使孔雀鲈鱼更容易受到商业网捕鱼。我们假设，食人鱼限制孔雀鲈鱼近岸栖息地，在那里他们可以很容易地利用网。在大规模（~ca。500平方米）的实验区，我们将检查孔雀鲈鱼移动到浅水中的存在食人鱼比他们，否则会。此外，我们将研究，如果孔雀鲈鱼的行为反应具有级联效应较低的营养水平，也就是说，组成的猎物鱼组合是不同的孔雀鲈鱼被限制在浅水。实验操作将结合小型调查，以研究孔雀鲈鱼，食人鱼，以及这些物种的主要猎物的分布。这些数据将与广泛的胃内容物和同位素分析，提供详细的信息，食物网结构的物种丰富的热带河流。通过描述人类在食物网环境中的影响，我们奋进提供关于特定环境问题的预测能力，但仍然允许的一般性，这将扩大食物网生态学的理论基础和应用。