FOR 1508: Dynamically Adaptable Positioning of Bats Using Embedded Communicating Sensor Systems

FOR 1508：使用嵌入式通信传感器系统对蝙蝠进行动态自适应定位

• 批准号: 167288317
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung (MfN)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/167288317?language=en
• 关键词: 1508; Dynamically; Adaptable; Positioning; Bats

Efficient networking of energy efficient, miniaturised sensor nodes is a key element for a multitude of different innovative applications. Possible applications range from global sensor networks, for example for weather monitoring, to local sensor networks, such as for dynamically tracking a plurality of moving objects, e.g., the detection of the status and the movement of an animal population. Sensor networks are especially useful if they do not affect the environment much and enable the data acquisition in problematic or hard-to-access areas. The global objective of this Research Unit is to gain fundamental knowledge in the design, construction and operation of adaptive, heterogeneous, intelligent sensor networks incorporating both static and mobile sensor nodes. The interdisciplinary group of researchers formed by biologists, computer scientists and electrical engineers aims to develop and demonstrate cutting-edge methods and procedures for data collection, data management and data analysis. The newly developed techniques and procedures will be exemplarily used to analyse the behaviour of bats, a species identified by the flora-fauna-habitat directive of the European Union as a particularly valuable species. In the context of the research project, bats will be equipped with miniaturised, ultra-light-weight radio transmitters, which have limited memory and processing resources for data handling. A network of ground-based, static sensors will be used for monitoring a multitude of sensor node-equipped bats. For behavioural studies of bats only a relatively coarse estimation of the flown trajectories with an accuracy of a few meters is sufficient. As is the case with many other applications, the costs and energy consumption of sub-meter accurate and real-time localisation systems do not pay off. Only in rare cases a site or time dependent higher accuracy is necessary in order to study the social or the hunting behaviour more closely. Thus the primary design goals of the sensor network include the spatial scalability of the network and minimum weight (less than 2 grams), minimal power consumption, minimal volume and a bat-friendly form factor of the mobile sensor nodes applied to the bats.

高效的节能网络，小型化传感器节点是众多不同创新应用的关键要素。可能的应用范围从全球传感器网络，例如用于天气监测，到局部传感器网络，例如用于动态跟踪多个移动物体，例如，检测动物种群的状态和运动。如果传感器网络不会对环境造成太大影响，并且能够在有问题或难以进入的区域进行数据采集，则传感器网络特别有用。该研究单位的全球目标是获得设计、构建和操作自适应、异构、智能传感器网络的基础知识，包括静态和移动传感器节点。由生物学家、计算机科学家和电气工程师组成的跨学科研究小组旨在开发和展示数据收集、数据管理和数据分析的前沿方法和程序。新开发的技术和程序将作为分析蝙蝠行为的范例，蝙蝠是欧盟动植物栖息地指令认定的特别有价值的物种。在研究项目的背景下，蝙蝠将配备小型化、超轻重量的无线电发射器，这些发射器的内存和数据处理资源有限。地面静态传感器网络将用于监测大量配备传感器节点的蝙蝠。对于蝙蝠的行为研究，只需要对飞行轨迹进行相对粗略的估计，精度在几米以内就足够了。与许多其他应用一样，亚米级精确和实时定位系统的成本和能耗并没有得到回报。只有在极少数情况下，为了更密切地研究社会或狩猎行为，需要一个与地点或时间相关的更高精度。因此，传感器网络的主要设计目标包括网络的空间可扩展性，以及应用于蝙蝠的移动传感器节点的最小重量（小于2克）、最小功耗、最小体积和蝙蝠友好型外形。