Eurasian - North American disjunctive distribution of the genus Allium. Origin and historic biogeography of the subgenera Amerallium and Anguinum

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The project concentrates on phylogeography, phylogeny and systematics of taxa of the onion genus Allium (family Alliaceae) with disjunctive distributions in the northern hemisphere. A detailed molecular phylogeny of subgenera Amerallium (with main focus on Eurasian species) and Anguinum, including date of distribution, ecology, chromosome number and morphology of the species of these subgenera will be used to reconstruct of the phylogeography and for understanding of the origin and development of Eurasian and North American disjunctive distributions in the genus Allium. On the basis of multiple gene analyses of nuclear- (ITS and ETS) and cpDNA (trnL-trnF, matK, rbcL-atpB) loci for taxa of the genus Allium (subgenera Anguinum and Amerallium), with Old World and New World disjunction, we will examine phylogenetic relationships and patterns of differentiation of the disjunctive taxa.