Development by the Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources of a New X-Ray Beamline for High Pressure and Interface Earth Science Research at the GeoSoilEnviroCARS APS Sector

先进辐射源联盟为 GeoSoilEnviroCARS APS 部门的高压和界面地球科学研究开发新的 X 射线束线

• 批准号: 0421076
• 负责人: Peter Eng
• 金额: $ 55万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0421076&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Consortium; Advanced; Radiation; Sources

0421076EngGeoSoilEnviroCARS (GSECARS) is a national user facility for frontier research in the earth sciences using synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GSECARS provides access for the entire earth science community to the high-brilliance hard x-rays from this third-generation synchrotron light source. The research conducted at this facility is advancing our knowledge of the composition, structure and properties of earth materials, the processes they control and the processes that produce them. With this support we will design, construct and commission a new doubly-focused, monochromatic x-ray side station on our bending magnet beamline (13BM). This will bring to four the total number of operating experimental stations at GSECARS, all serving the earth science community, and will help to meet the demand for beam time by our current and prospective users. This new beamline will provide research opportunities in two principal areas: (1) Properties of earth materials under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature through the use of diamond anvil cell (DAC) diffraction, and (2) Properties of mineral-water interfaces through the use of surface and interface scattering. The research conducted at this new beamline will: (1) expand our understanding of the structures of mineral surfaces, how these surfaces are modified during reactions with water, and the role of micro-organisms in controlling composition and stabilization of contaminants on these surfaces, (2) improve our knowledge of the chemical and physical properties of the deep Earth, including details of phase transitions of mantle minerals and core alloys and dynamics of core formation, and (3) advance technologies for x-ray instrumentation and optics. GSECARS provides scientists and students access to state-of-the-art analytical instrumentation. We are involved in active outreach in the form of meetings and workshops and are successful in attracting earth scientists who are novices in synchrotron-based analytical techniques as well as providing student internship opportunities including underrepresented Chicago area high school students. Our scientific staff works closely with new investigators teaching x-ray theory and providing training in measurement methods and data analysis, thereby advancing the technical and scientific capabilities of the earth science community. Thus, this new station will enhance the educational experience of established, as well as new, scientists and result in direct knowledge transfer to advance the quality of the nation's research infrastructure. In addition, the research conducted at this new facility will have societal benefit in addressing human welfare issues, such as remediation of toxins in our soils and aquifers, and aiding in our understanding of earthquake generation mechanisms.

0421076 EngGeoSoilEnviroCARS（GSECARS）是一个国家用户设施，在阿贡国家实验室的高级光子源（APS）使用同步辐射进行地球科学前沿研究。 GSECARS为整个地球科学界提供了从第三代同步加速器光源获得高亮度硬X射线的机会。 在该设施进行的研究正在推进我们对地球物质的组成，结构和性质，它们控制的过程以及产生它们的过程的了解。 在此支持下，我们将在我们的弯磁束线（13 BM）上设计、建造和调试一个新的双聚焦单色X射线侧站。 这将使GSECARS的运行实验站总数达到四个，所有这些实验站都为地球科学界服务，并将有助于满足我们目前和未来用户对束流时间的需求。 这条新的光束线将在两个主要领域提供研究机会：（1）通过使用金刚石对顶砧单元（DAC）衍射，在极端压力和温度条件下的地球材料特性，以及（2）通过使用表面和界面散射，矿物-水界面的特性。 在这条新光束线上进行的研究将：（1）扩大我们对矿物表面结构的理解，这些表面在与水反应期间如何改变，以及微生物在控制这些表面上污染物的组成和稳定性方面的作用，（2）提高我们对地球深部化学和物理性质的认识，包括地幔矿物和地核合金的相变细节以及地核形成的动力学;（3）x射线仪器和光学的先进技术。 GSECARS为科学家和学生提供最先进的分析仪器。 我们积极参与会议和研讨会形式的外联活动，成功吸引了同步加速器分析技术新手的地球科学家，并为学生提供实习机会，包括代表性不足的芝加哥地区高中生。 我们的科研人员与新的研究人员密切合作，教授X射线理论，并提供测量方法和数据分析方面的培训，从而提高地球科学界的技术和科学能力。因此，这一新的研究站将加强现有科学家和新科学家的教育经验，并导致直接的知识转移，以提高国家研究基础设施的质量。 此外，在这个新设施进行的研究将在解决人类福利问题方面产生社会效益，例如修复我们土壤和含水层中的毒素，并帮助我们了解地震发生机制。