Ice Radar Studies of Mt. Veniaminof Volcano

主要研究者将与美国地质调查局（U.S.G.S.）的科学家合作，阿拉斯加火山观测站（AVO）研究山。阿拉斯加半岛上的维尼亚米诺夫。 在这座活火山的顶峰存在一个破火山口冰原，为研究火山-冰-熔岩相互作用提供了一个天然实验室，因此是跨学科研究的理想环境。 这一跨学科项目将为冰川学和火山学领域带来重要成果。 火山观测站的科学家最近的研究表明， 维尼亚米诺夫的历史比以前认识到的更复杂和更具爆炸性，使人们对其相关危害有了新的认识。 然而，目前地形对来自山顶破火山口的水和熔岩过去（和未来）路径的限制仍然未知，因为它被冰覆盖。 主要研究人员将建立无线电回声探测实验，以探索现在占据山顶破火山口的冰块的几何形状和历史。 在Veniaminof破火山口潜在的大冰量提高了未来的拉哈尔流的可能性，有趣的理论和危险的角度来看。 很小的喷发就可能产生洪水，有可能调动大量松散的碎片，成为实际上的沉积物工厂，对下游产生重大影响。 具体来说，他们将测量冰的体积和图像火山口地形，以预测在一些喷发情景下，喷发产生的水可能会流向哪里。 他们将通过使用雷达探测有液态水的区域来确定火山口内热流的分布。 最后，根据埋在冰中的碎片层的厚度和范围，他们将通过绘制雷达显示的内部反射来研究冰原的动力学和流动历史。 该项目更广泛的影响来自两个非常不同的机构的科学家之间的跨学科合作：美国地质调查局。S. AVO和一所本科文科学院，圣奥拉夫学院。 这一合作将为通过每一个参与组织开展外联和教育提供极好的机会。 两名本科生和一名博士后将与首席研究员一起参与该项目。 博士后的任命涉及教学和研究，因此教育是拟议活动的组成部分。 信息传播和推广是AVO的法定义务，AVO本身是与阿拉斯加大学和阿拉斯加州的联合计划。 AVO是向政府机构、媒体和公众提供有关火山活动和灾害评估信息的主要联络点，该观测站保持着积极的外联和公共信息方案。

ABSTRACTJacobelOPP-0423424The Principal Investigator will collaborate with scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.), Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) to study Mt. Veniaminof on the Alaska Peninsula. The existence of a caldera ice field at the summit of this active volcano provides a natural laboratory for the study of volcano-ice-lava interactions and is thus an ideal setting for cross-disciplinary research. This interdisciplinary project will produce important results for both the fields of glaciology and volcanology. Recent studies by scientists at the Volcano Observatory have shown that Mt. Veniaminof has a more complex and explosive history than previously recognized, giving a new appreciation of its associated hazards. Yet, at the present time topographic constraints on the past (and future) pathways of both water and lava from the summit caldera are still unknown because it is covered by ice. The Principal Investigators will set up radio echo sounding experiments to explore the geometry and history of the ice mass now occupying the summit caldera. Potentially large ice volumes in the Veniaminof caldera raise the possibility of future lahar flows, interesting from both a theoretical and hazards perspective. Very small eruptions can produce outburst floods that have the potential to mobilize large amounts of loosely-consolidated debris, becoming virtual sediment factories with substantial impacts downstream. Specifically, they will measure ice volumes and image caldera topography to predict where water produced by an eruption would likely flow under a number of eruption scenarios. They will determine the distribution of heat flow within the caldera by using the radar to detect areas with liquid water. Finally, dependent on the thickness and extent of debris layers buried within the ice, they will study the dynamics and flow history of the ice field by mapping internal reflections revealed by the radar. The broader impacts of the project follow from the interdisciplinary collaboration between scientists from two very different institutions: the U.S. G. S. AVO and an undergraduate liberal arts college, St. Olaf College. This collaboration will provide excellent opportunities for outreach and education through each of the organizations involved. Two undergraduate students and a post doc will be involved in the project, together with the Principal Investigator. The appointment for the post doc involves both teaching and research, so that education is integral to the proposed activities. Information dissemination and outreach is a statutory obligation of the AVO, itself a joint program with the University of Alaska and the State of Alaska. AVO is the principal point of contact for information on volcanic activity and hazards assessment for government agencies, the media, and the public, and the Observatory maintains a vigorous outreach and public information program.