From Print to Web - Completing an Account of North America's Grasses and Initiating a Collaborative Web Site for Grass Floristics

从印刷品到网络 - 完成北美草的记录并启动草植物区系合作网站

• 批准号: 0425979
• 负责人: Mary Barkworth
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0425979&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Print; Web; Completing; Account; North

0425979Barkworth Grasses are the world's most important plant group. They provide over 70% of the calories humans consume, either directly as cereals or indirectly as forage. They grow in almost any habitat that supports plants, and were once the dominant species over large parts of North America. Despite this importance, there has never been a comprehensive guide to the grasses of North America. The best available account covers only the lower 48 states and dates from 1951. The lack of a current treatment for the whole of North America is a major problem for workers in many different fields, including ecology, land management, horticulture, weed control, and plant systematics because all depend on accurate identification of the plants involved. An additional need is for clear line drawings that show the distinguishing features of individual grass species because grasses do not have the conspicuous floral features that are used to identify most other flowering plants. The project by Dr. Mary Barkworth will complete the publication of the second, final volume on grasses that will provide, for the first time, a fully illustrated account of the grasses of North America. The volumes reflect the collaborative efforts of literally hundreds of taxonomists; this number includes over 70 contributors and an even larger number who have reviewed individual treatments, provided the information needed to generate detailed distribution maps, and answered questions. In addition, many herbaria, including overseas herbaria, have provided files of distributional information and/or loaned specimens for illustration. An editorial team at Utah State University is responsible for ensuring consistency, both among the treatments and between the identification keys and the descriptions, and for checking that the illustrations complement the identification keys. In addition, they developed the indices that enable the account of individual species to be located using either a common name or a scientific name, and two bibliographic references, one listing published sources of information used in preparing the distribution maps and another listing all the literature citations contained in the volume. These two grass volumes will provide an unparalleled resource for those seeking to identify grasses. Although designed for use within North America, the volumes will be of value throughout the world because the species treated include all species native to North America north of Mexico, all the introduced species that are now established in this region, and several species that, so far as North America is concerned, are known only in cultivation, some for food, some for recreational use (such as golf greens and football fields), and some as ornamentals. In addition, the volumes include all the grass species that the USDA has identified as potential weed threats to U.S. agriculture, whether or not they have yet been found in North America. The primary emphasis of this project is on completion of the print volumes but, as material becomes available, it is posted to the Web, so that it can be incorporated into educational materials for use in both formal and informal settings.

巴克沃斯草是世界上最重要的植物类群。 它们提供了人类消耗的70%以上的卡路里，无论是直接作为谷物还是间接作为饲料。它们几乎生长在任何支持植物的栖息地，曾经是北美大部分地区的优势物种。尽管如此重要，从来没有一个全面的指南，北美的草。最好的可用帐户仅涵盖较低的48个州，并且可以追溯到1951年。目前整个北美缺乏治疗方法是许多不同领域的工作人员面临的主要问题，包括生态学，土地管理，园艺，杂草控制和植物系统学，因为所有这些都依赖于对所涉及植物的准确识别。另一个需要是清晰的线条图，显示个别草种的区别特征，因为草不具有用于识别大多数其他开花植物的明显的花卉特征。 玛丽·巴克沃思博士的项目将完成第二卷也是最后一卷关于草的出版，这将首次提供北美草的完整插图。这些卷反映了数百名分类学家的合作努力;这个数字包括70多名贡献者，还有更多的人审查了个别治疗，提供了生成详细分布图所需的信息，并回答了问题。此外，不少植物标本馆，包括海外的植物标本馆，亦提供分布资料档案及/或借出标本，以作说明。犹他州州立大学的一个编辑小组负责确保处理方法之间以及识别键和描述之间的一致性，并检查插图是否与识别键互补。此外，他们还编制了索引，使人们能够使用通用名或学名来确定各个物种的位置，并编制了两份参考书目，一份列出了编制分布图时使用的已发表信息来源，另一份列出了该卷所载的所有文献引文。 这两个草卷将为那些寻求识别草的人提供无与伦比的资源。虽然这些卷是为在北美使用而设计的，但在全世界都有价值，因为所处理的物种包括墨西哥以北北美的所有原生物种、现在在该地区建立的所有引进物种，以及就北美而言仅在种植中已知的几个物种，一些用于食用，一些用于娱乐用途（如高尔夫球场和足球场），和一些作为纪念品。此外，这些卷还包括美国农业部确定的对美国农业构成潜在威胁的所有草种，无论它们是否在北美发现。该项目的主要重点是完成印刷本，但一旦有了材料，便将其张贴在网上，以便纳入教育材料，供正式和非正式场合使用。