Dynamics of Postural Control During Precision Manual Activity

精确手动活动中姿势控制的动力学Michael Riley(Pi)和Kevin Shockley(Co-Pi)摘要站立平衡的控制是人们进行其他行为的基础，例如外科医生或艺术家所做的精确的手部动作。由于直立需要将身体置于一种不稳定的状态，而且由于神经肌肉系统高度复杂和“嘈杂”，当一个人站立时，身体的重心不断地波动(称为姿势摆动)。姿势摆动会传递到手中，因此会阻碍手工操作(想象一下，单脚站立时试图穿针)。这项建议的目的是确定当人们执行用指尖轻轻触摸表面的精确手动动作时，姿势控制是如何调节的。这项研究将确定与姿势控制和精确手动动作相结合的自适应姿势动力学。计划进行的实验中，姿势稳定性和指尖力量产生任务的要求是不同的。在平衡不受威胁的条件下，姿势摆动的变异性和时间动力学有望精确地调整到触觉任务的要求，但姿势稳定性的威胁预计会限制姿势控制适应手动任务的程度。这项研究将阐明平衡控制的基本机制，并将在身体康复和努力开发摔倒预防计划方面有重要应用。

Dynamics of Postural Control During Precision Manual ActivityMichael Riley (PI) & Kevin Shockley (Co-PI)AbstractThe control of standing balance is fundamental to other behaviors people perform, such as the precise hand movements performed by surgeons or artists. Since standing upright requires placing the body in an unstable state, and because the neuromuscular system is highly complex and "noisy,"the body's center of mass constantly fluctuates when a person stands (termed postural sway). Postural sway is transmitted to the hands and can thus hinder manual performance (imagine trying to thread a needle whilestanding on one foot). The purpose of this proposal is to determine how postural control is modulated when people perform the precision manual action of lightly touching a surface with a fingertip.The research will identify the adaptive postural dynamics associated with integrating postural control and precision manual actions. Experiments are planned in which postural stability and the demands of a fingertip force-production task are varied. The variability and temporal dynamics of postural sway are expected to be precisely tuned to the demands of the touching task under conditions in which balance is not threatened, but threats to postural stability are expected to limit the extent to which postural control is adapted to the manual task. The research will shed light on fundamental mechanisms of balance control and will also have important applications to physical rehabilitation and efforts to develop fall-prevention programs.