A Review of the National Nanotechnology Program; An Assessment of the Responsible Development of Nanotechnology; An Assessment of the Technical Feasibility of Molecular Self-Assemb

toni Marechaux， Nat academy of sciences根据国会的正式授权，美国国家科学院将任命一个由四个小组组成的委员会，对国家纳米技术计划进行三年一次的评估。委员会和小组也应该对标准、指导方针或战略的需要进行一次评估，以确保纳米技术的负责任的发展。作为这项工作的一部分，国家科学院还将组织一个研讨会，研究分子自组装在分子尺度上制造材料和设备的技术可行性。这些任务旨在评估多机构计划的进展和范围，建议新的或修订的目标和指标，分析美国在这一不断发展的领域的相对地位，并分析纳米技术对美国经济的影响。一份同行审查的NRC报告将在2005年6月10日或之前提交给国会，该报告包含基于委员会共识的循证结论和建议。这项拟议活动的智力价值在于为国家纳米技术计划提供一个独立评估的论坛。除了编写最后报告外，研究活动本身将提供一个论坛，供国家一级围绕最重要问题进行讨论和互动。在纳米技术领域内，没有其他论坛可以让独立的个人以如此开放和客观的方式讨论这些问题。国家科学院的进程确保了工业界、学术界和非政府组织的自愿参与，这在其他地方是不存在的。在许多情况下，这种委员会的活动产生了创造性和原创性的概念，这些概念被用来影响未来的政策执行和新技术发展。这项研究将是工程和物理科学司的一项正式活动。国家科学院下属的国家材料咨询委员会。美国国家科学院是美国一个独特的机构，致力于促进科学和技术的发展，并将其用于一般福利。严格的内部政策和程序确保国家科学院在其承担的项目中保持客观和独立。被分配到该项目的工作人员是该国一些最好的分析师和作家，董事会的成员是工业界、学术界和政府的高级代表，他们将在许多相关领域带来多年的综合经验。除了国家材料咨询委员会和工作人员外，还将咨询科学院内的一些其他组织和科学院的大量成员，并期望他们为各种研究活动作出贡献。研究过程的影响将远远超出会议室的讨论和演示。委员会的每一位成员，以及演讲者和研讨会参与者，都将以新的视角看待他们的组织，并将利用通过参与获得的信息为未来的决策提供信息。最终，研究活动和最终报告的更广泛影响是为国家纳米技术计划的未来项目活动带来客观和独立的评估。这项研究活动旨在教育公众、资助机构和其他利益相关者，了解联邦政府投资纳米技术的更大方面和潜在影响。这项研究的目的是作为一种召集机制，促进代表问题各方的委员会之间的对话和信息交流。该委员会将根据学科、机构、年龄、种族、性别、民族和地理等多种因素进行平衡，委员会程序将确保成员不存在利益冲突或过度偏见。所提供的经费将用于工作人员提名委员会、组织会议、安排简报和其他访问的时间；补偿委员会成员和简报员的旅费；最后进行相关资料的复印和分发以及最终报告的印刷和分发。这份最终报告旨在为研究人员和学生提供方便和有用的信息；负责卫生、航天、国防、交通和能源领域的项目经理；产品开发人员和商业领袖；对各级教师。向社区的外展将得到广泛开展，最终的好处是提高对国家优先事项的认识，并加强对纳米技术在我们社会中的发展和实施的影响的理解。

AbstractCTS-0436444Toni Marechaux, Nat Acad of SciencesAs a result of a formal mandate by Congress , The National Academies shall appoint one committee with four sub-panels to conduct a triennial evaluation of the National Nanotechnology Initiative. The committee and panels shall also perform a one-time assessment of the need for standards, guidelines, or strategies for ensuring the responsible development of nanotechnology. As part of this effort, the National Academies shall also organize a workshop to study the technical feasibility of molecular self-assembly for the manufacture of materials and devices at the molecular scale. These tasks are intended to evaluate the progress and extent of the multi-agency program, to recommend new or revised goals and metrics, to analyze the relative position of the United States in this growing field, and to analyze the impact of nanotechnology on the U.S. economy. A peer-examined NRC report containing evidence-based conclusions and recommendations based on the committee's consensus will be delivered to the Congress on or before June 10, 2005. Intellectual Merit The intellectual merit of this proposed activity is to provide a forum for an independent assessment of the National Nanotechnology Initiative. In addition to producing a final report, the study activity itself will provide a forum for national-level discussion and interaction centered around the most important issues. Within the realm of nanotechnology, no other forum exists where independent individuals can discuss these issues in such an open and objective way. National Academies processes ensure voluntary participation from industry, academia, and non-governmental organizations of a type that does not exist elsewhere. In many instances, such committee activities have resulted in creative and original concepts that have been used to shape future policy implementation and new technology developments. The study will be a formal activity of the Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences. National Materials Advisory Board within The National Academies. The National Academies is a unique institution within the United Stated dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Strict internal policies and procedures ensure that the National Academies remains objective and independent in the projects that it undertakes. The staff assigned to the project are some of the best analysts and writers in the country, and the and the members of the Board are high-level representatives of industry, academia, and government who will bring with them many years of combined experience in a number of related fields. In addition to the National Materials Advisory Board and staff, a number of other organizations within the Academies and a large number of members of the Academies will be consulted and are expected to contribute to the various study activities. The study process will have an impact well beyond the meeting room in which discussions and presentations will take place. Each member of the committee, as well as the speakers and workshop participants, will take a new perspective back to their organization and will use information obtained through participation to inform future decision making. Ultimately, the broader impact of the study activity and final report is to bring an objective and independent assessment to bear on future program activities of the National Nanotechnology Initiative. Impact Statement This study activity is intended to educate the public as well as funding agencies and other stakeholders about the larger aspects and potential impacts of the federal government investment in nanotechnology. The study is designed as a convening mechanism to facilitate dialogue and exchange information among a committee representing all sides of the issues. This committee will be balanced for a variety of factors, including discipline, institutional affiliation, age, race, gender, ethnicity, and geography, and the committee process will ensure that the members are free of conflicts of interest or excessive bias. The funding provided will be used for staff time to nominate the committee, organize meetings, arrange briefings and other visits; to compensate committee members and briefers for their travel costs; and finally for photocopying and distribution of relevant information and printing and distribution of the final report. This final report is intended to be accessible and useful to researchers and students; to program managers with responsibilities in health, space, defense, transportation, and energy; to product developers and business leaders; and to teachers on all levels. Outreach to the community will be widespread and the ultimate benefits are a greater awareness of national priorities and enhanced understanding of the impacts of the development and implementation of nanotechnology in our society.