Flavour and CP physics in supersymmetric theories

随着2008年9月大型强子对撞机LHC(欧洲核子研究中心，日内瓦)的启动，一个基本粒子物理学的新纪元正在兴起。最有可能的是，在大型强子对撞机上，超越粒子物理标准模型的物理信号将被发现。超对称性是标准模型最有前途的扩展之一。超对称粒子的寻找在LHC中具有非常高的优先地位。研究项目“超对称理论中的味道物理和CP破坏”是维也纳大学(奥地利)和维尔茨堡大学(德国)的联合研究项目。到目前为止，大多数关于未来对撞机超对称性的研究都是在最小超对称标准模型中进行的，假设味道混合可以忽略，并且R宇称是守恒的。本研究项目的主要目的是探索标准模型的超对称扩展的风味部分，在有和没有R宇称守恒的情况下。我们计划一方面研究超对称破缺项中具有代际混合的最小超对称标准模型，另一方面研究具有R宇称破缺的模型。在一个系统的研究中，我们希望考虑最一般的情况，包括CP破坏阶段以及风味破坏参数。为了找出风味和CP破坏参数对确定基本超对称参数的意义，我们将系统地分析对撞机上超对称粒子的产生和衰变过程。我们想要考虑现有的实验和理论对气味破坏参数的约束，以及来自暗物质密度的约束。尽管有严格的限制，我们预计在超对称的生产和腐烂过程中会有大量违反风味的信号。因此，“超对称理论中的味物理和CP破坏”研究项目的结果将对大型强子对撞机和其他未来对撞机的实验发挥重要作用。

With the start of the Large Hadron Collider LHC (CERN, Geneva) in September 2008 a new era of elementary particle physics is arising. Most likely, at the LHC signals of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics will be discovered. Supersymmetry is one of the most promising extensions of the Standard Model. The search for supersymmetric particles has a very high priority at LHC.The research project “Flavour physics and CP violation in supersymmetric theories” is a joint research project of the University of Vienna (Austria) and the University of Würzburg (Germany). Up to now most studies concerning supersymmetry at future colliders have been performed in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model under the assumption that flavour mixing can be neglected and that R-parity is conserved. The main purpose of the present research project is to explore the flavour sector of supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, with and without R-parity conservation. We plan to investigate on the one hand the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with intergenerational mixing in the supersymmetry breaking terms and on the other hand models with R-parity violation. In a systematic study we want to consider the most general case including CP violating phases as well as flavour violating parameters. In order to work out the implications of flavour and CP violating parameters for the determination of the underlying supersymmetric parameters, we are going to analyze in a systematic way production and decay processes of supersymetric particles at colliders. We want to take into account the existing experimental and theoretical constraints for the flavour violating parameters and the constraints from the dark matter density. In spite of the severe restrictions we expect large flavour violating signals in the supersymmetric production and decay processes. Therefore, the results of the research project “Flavour physics and CP violation in supersymmetric theories” will play an important role for the experiments at the LHC and other future colliders.