'Bio-Safety' or 'Bio-Hazard'? Organizational Pursuit and Community Response to a Safety and Preparedness Initiative

Thomas D. Beamish“生物安全”还是“生物危害”？组织追求和社区对安全和准备倡议的反应摘要本研究调查了社区对美国三个社区拟议安装国家生物遏制实验室（NBL）的反应。NBL已被联邦政府宣传为提供地方，地区和国家保护免受世界上最致命病原体侵害的前线。在每一种情况下，拥有成熟医疗设施和在相关研究领域享有很高声誉的知名大学都响应了国家卫生研究院的RFP，为联邦政府赞助和管理NBL。然而，对NBL表面上增强安全的倡议的一系列显著反应-强烈反对（加利福尼亚州戴维斯），日益反对（马萨诸塞州波士顿），没有明显反对（德克萨斯州加尔维斯顿）-强调了理解旨在最小化风险和增加公共安全和准备的项目的可变响应的重要性。该项目试图回答的一般问题包括：(1)什么因素有助于解释普通公众对同一倡议的不同解释，对一些人来说，促进“安全”，对另一些人来说，促进“风险”？(2)赞助组织的政策建设和对这一倡议的战略追求在周边社区对nbl的接受和/或拒绝中发挥了什么作用？这些问题将通过案例比较进行调查，其中每个地点都是分析单元——包括社区和相关的NBL赞助组织。该项目将依靠多种方法，包括深度访谈、实地研究、媒体分析和档案记录来得出结论。对这些数据进行三角测量将为结论提供依据。该项目的研究目标和预期贡献有三个方面：(1)提高有关“什么是安全”和“什么是加强安全”的社区印象基础的知识和理论；(2)记录作为一项公共卫生和备灾倡议，社区对“非疫区”的概念如何影响政策的实施过程；(3)建议一般性的管理和政策方案，以帮助制定和实施公众更容易接受和/或不太可能拒绝的备灾举措。

Thomas D. Beamish'Bio-Safety' or 'Bio-Hazard'? Organizational Pursuit and Community response to a Safety and Preparedness InitiativeABSTRACTThis study investigates community response to the proposed installation of National Bioncontainment Laboratories (NBL) in three U.S. communities. The NBL have been billed by the federal government as the frontline in providing local, regional, and national protection from the world's most virulent pathogens. In each case, reputable Universities with mature medical facilities and strong reputations in related fields of study responded to a National Institutes of Health RFP to sponsor and manage the NBL for the federal government. Yet, a remarkable range of reactions to the NBL's ostensibly safety enhancing initiative-strong opposition (Davis, CA), growing opposition (Boston, MA), no significant opposition (Galveston, TX)-highlights the importance of understanding variable response to programs intended to minimize risk and increase public security and preparedness. The general questions the project seeks to answer include: (1) What factors help explain variable interpretation by the lay-public of the same initiative as, for some, promoting "safety" and for others promoting "risks?" And, (2) What role does policy construction and the strategic pursuit of this initiative by the sponsor organizations play in the NBLs acceptance and/or rejection by surrounding communities? These questions will be investigated through case comparison in which each location is the unit of analysis--both the community and associated NBL sponsor organization. The project will rely on a multi-method approach involving in-depth interviews, field study, media analysis, and archival records to draw conclusions. Triangulation of these data will provide the basis for conclusions.The project research objectives and anticipated contributions are threefold: (1) to improve knowledge and theory concerning the basis for community impressions of "what is safe" and "what is safety enhancing;" (2) to document how community conceptions of the NBL, as a public health and preparedness initiative, effect(ed) the policy implementation process; and (3) to suggest general administration and policy options that will aid in the creation and implementation of preparedness initiatives that the public more readily accepts and/or that they are less likely to rejected.