Doctoral Dissertation: Phylogenetic Relationships within Alectra (Orobanchaceae) and Evolution of rbcS in Orobanchaceae

博士论文：Alectra（列当科）内的系统发育关系和列当科 rbcS 的进化

• 批准号: 0514157
• 负责人: Andrea Wolfe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-15 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0514157&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Phylogenetic; Relationships; within

Alectra is a group of around 30 species of herbaceous parasitic plants that occur primarily in southern/eastern Africa and Madagascar. Species of Alectra parasitize grasses or cultivated legumes. Two types of parasitism exist within flowering plants (semi- and full-parasitism), and within Alectra both types are known; this situation is unique and allows for an examination of the evolutionary shift between the two habits. Full parasitism results in plants no longer producing their own food and losing their green pigmentation and leaves, while semi-parasites retain green leaves and only obtain water and nutrients from their "host" plant. Thorough examination of floral, stem and leaf characteristics, in combination with DNA sequences, will be utilized to examine the evolutionary history of this group. Additionally, as Alectra belongs to a completely parasitic family of plants, the evolution of genes involved in the photosynthetic (food-producing) pathway will be examined for degradation in the fully parasitic members of this family.This project involves collaborations with scientists and researchers in countries within southern/eastern Africa and Madagascar. All parties involved will learn about the practical aspects of conserving rare and threatened habitats and the plants within them. The production of dichotomous keys, species descriptions and illustrations will facilitate identification of rare Alectra species in the wild, and this information will be available to the public via the World Wide Web, making it easier for local management authorities and conservation agencies to protect them.

Alectra是一组约30种草本寄生植物，主要分布在非洲南部/东部和马达加斯加。Alectra的种类寄生于草或栽培的豆科植物。开花植物中存在两种类型的寄生（半寄生和完全寄生），在Alectra中这两种类型都是已知的;这种情况是独特的，可以检查两种习惯之间的进化转变。完全寄生导致植物不再生产自己的食物并失去它们的绿色色素和叶子，而半寄生保留绿色叶子并仅从它们的“宿主”植物获得水和营养。彻底检查花，茎和叶的特征，结合DNA序列，将被用来研究这组的进化历史。此外，由于Alectra属于完全寄生的植物家族，因此将研究该家族完全寄生成员中参与光合（食物生产）途径的基因的进化，以确定其降解情况。所有参与方将了解保护稀有和受威胁栖息地及其植物的实际方面。制作二叉检索表、物种描述和插图将有助于在野外识别稀有的Alectra物种，这些信息将通过万维网向公众提供，使地方管理当局和保护机构更容易保护它们。