Flora of China

中国植物志

• 批准号: 0514279
• 负责人: Ihsan Al-Shehbaz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Missouri Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-15 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0514279&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Flora; China

China has a richer Flora than any other country in the North Temperate Zone. Although the areas of Europe, continental United States, and China are somewhat similar, the ratio of species in the three areas is about 1 to 2 to 3, as China has more than 30,000 species of vascular plants (or 12% of the world's total), compared with about 20,000 species in the United States and Canada combined, and about 12,000 species in Europe. The Flora of China (FOC) is a collaborative international project to publish the first English language treatment of Chinese plants. All FOC accounts are jointly co-authored by non-Chinese (mostly American and European) and Chinese scientists. By the end of this grant in 2008, the Project will have published more than 32 of the 50 volumes of text and illustrations. All scientific descriptions, illustrations, and maps of FOC are available electronically on the websites of the Missouri Botanical Garden (MBG) and Harvard University Herbaria (HUH). The project has eleven centers: MBG, HUH, California Academy of Sciences, Smithsonian Institution, Royal Botanic Gardens (Kew, Edinburgh), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris), and the institutes of botany in Beijing, Kunming, Nanjing, and Guangzhou. These institutions complement each other in their excellent libraries and rich collections of Chinese plants. Study of the FOC is important for understanding modern relationships between the plants of North America and China because numerous species are found only in these two areas. The Chinese-North American disjunctions represent remains of a once widespread flora. Knowledge of FOC is essential for understanding the fossil composition in the Northern Hemisphere because living plants in China represent many genera that are known only from fossil records in North America and Europe. China still heavily depends on timber as energy sources, and 30% of its timber industry is used for household heating and cooking. This led to serious deforestation in most of China and has pushed numerous species to the brink of extinction. Consistent efforts will be made during the course of FOC to identify threatened and endangered species and those that have not been collected for some time. The information in FOC is essential for the proper management of the plant resources of China. The information in FOC is an important educational resource for use in training students and young scientists. Students in botany, medicine, horticulture, and other fields will find FOC a valuable reference. The broader project provides training opportunities for American students and young scientists through visits to Chinese institutions and field studies. It is also supporting the visits to the United States and Europe of many Chinese students and young botanists to train and work on FOC accounts. Finally, China has a higher number of medicinal plants that are actively traded and used than any other country in the world. About 23% of the entire Flora has medicinal properties. Only recently, however, has Chinese herbal medicine received increased attention in the West.

中国的植物区系比北温带的任何一个国家都要丰富。虽然欧洲、美国大陆和中国的地区有些相似，但三个地区的物种比例约为1：2：3，中国有30,000多种维管植物(占世界总数的12%)，相比之下，美国和加拿大的维管束植物加起来约20,000种，欧洲约12,000种。《中国的植物志》(FOC)是一个国际合作项目，旨在出版第一本中国植物的英文处理书。所有FOC账户都是由非华裔(主要是美国和欧洲人)和中国科学家共同撰写的。到2008年赠款结束时，该项目将出版50卷文本和插图中的32卷以上。FOC的所有科学描述、插图和地图都可以在密苏里州植物园(MBG)和哈佛大学草药(HH)的网站上找到。该项目有11个中心：MBG，嗯，加州科学院，史密森研究所，皇家植物园(Kew，爱丁堡)，国家自然历史博物馆(巴黎)，以及北京、昆明、南京和广州的植物研究所。这些机构在其优秀的图书馆和丰富的中国植物收藏方面相辅相成。对该物种的研究对于了解北美植物与中国植物之间的现代关系具有重要意义，因为大量的物种仅在这两个地区发现。中国和北美的分离代表了曾经广泛分布的植物群的遗迹。对FOC的了解对于了解北半球的化石组成是必不可少的，因为中国的活植物代表了许多只有从北美和欧洲的化石记录中才能知道的属。中国仍然严重依赖木材作为能源，其木材产业的30%用于家庭取暖和烹饪。这导致了中国大部分地区严重的森林砍伐，并将许多物种推向灭绝的边缘。在FOC的过程中，将作出持续的努力，以确定受威胁和濒危物种以及一段时间未收集到的物种。FOC中的信息对于妥善管理中国的植物资源是必不可少的。FOC中的信息是培养学生和青年科学家的重要教育资源。植物学、医学、园艺和其他领域的学生将发现FOC是一个有价值的参考。这个范围更广的项目通过访问中国机构和实地考察，为美国学生和年轻科学家提供培训机会。它还支持许多中国学生和年轻植物学家访问美国和欧洲，以培训和使用FOC账户。最后，中国拥有比世界上任何一个国家都更多的活跃交易和使用的药用植物。整个植物区系约有23%具有药用价值。然而，直到最近，中草药才在西方受到越来越多的关注。