AOC: Migration and Well-Being of China's Rural Population

哈佛大学在过去的几十年里，快速的经济发展和人口流动导致了全球经济、社会和文化的重大变革。尽管这些转变可能会对人们的福祉产生深远的影响，但我们对如何预测问题的了解有限。现有的关于经济增长的经济文献大多是在宏观层面上进行的，这隐藏了不同地区和个人之间的显著差异影响。此外，大多数经济学文献关注的是收入，因此将经济幸福等同于整体幸福。然而，最近的实证研究表明，收入增长与主观幸福感指标之间几乎没有关系。更重要的是，现有的大多数研究都是单一学科的，这阻碍了对各种经济、社会和文化力量之间复杂而动态的关系的审查，这些力量独立和互动地影响着个人的福祉。这个跨学科的研究项目将考察中国从农村到城市的迁移作为变化的推动者，以及这种变化如何影响许多经济、社会和文化因素之间的一系列复杂和动态的关系，以及它们对个人福祉的影响。本研究采用综合框架，以经济学理论为基础，综合其他学科的相关概念和研究成果。这种方法利用了经济模型的分析严谨性和易操作性，以及帮助我们理解人类行为和社会/个人互动的人类学、社会学和心理学的贡献。综合概念框架允许以假设为导向的数据收集和经验检验，而不是特别的统计关联。在方法上，一项重大创新是将人种学研究和家庭调查相结合。调查人员将通过三种方法收集数据：调查前的民族志研究，为研究提出假设和设计具有文化和社会敏感性的调查工具提供信息；家庭调查，收集定量数据；调查后的民族志，以更充分地探索调查结果，并为解释调查结果提供丰富的定性信息。此外，研究设计还利用了中国加入世贸组织带来的“自然实验”，以及它对不同类型的农产品和专营农产品的地区产生的差异效应。更广泛的影响。该项目将通过研究生和博士后研究员参与规划、实施和数据分析阶段，帮助培训新一代跨学科研究人员。作为研究的一部分，收集的纵向数据也将提供给学生、初级研究人员和更广泛的公众，用于研究农村中国的经济、社会、文化变化及其后果之间的一些动态关系，以及与健康和福祉的关系。

SBE-0527690Arthur KleinmanChi-Man Winnie YipHarvard University Rapid economic development and population movements have led to major economic, social and cultural transformations around the globe in the past few decades. Despite the profound impacts these transformations can have on the population's well-being, our knowledge on how to anticipate problems is limited. The existing economic literature on economic growth is mostly conducted at the macro level, which hides significant differential impacts across regions and individuals. Besides, most economic literature focuses on income, thus equating economic well-being with overall well-being. However, recent empirical studies show little relationship between income growth and measures of subjective well-being. More importantly, most existing studies are single-disciplined, which inhibits the examination of the complex and dynamic relationships among various economic, social and cultural forces that act independently and interactively to impact on the well-being of individuals. This interdisciplinary research project will examine rural to urban migration in China as an agent of change and how that affects a set of complex and dynamic relationships among many economic, social and cultural factors and their effects on the well-being of individuals. The research uses an integrative framework, with economic theory as a foundation to integrate relevant concepts and findings from other disciplines. This approach takes advantage of the analytical rigor and tractability of economic models plus the contributions of anthropology, sociology and psychology that help us to understand human behavior and social/individual interactions. An integrated conceptual framework allows for hypotheses-driven data collection and empirical testing, rather than ad hoc statistical associations. Methodologically, a major innovation is the integration of ethnographic studies and household surveys. The investigators will collect data through three methods: pre-survey ethnographic studies to inform the study on hypothesis formulation and design of culturally and socially sensitive survey instruments; household surveys to collect quantitative data; and post-survey ethnography to more fully explore survey findings and provide rich qualitative information for interpreting survey results. In addition, the study design takes advantage of the "natural experiment" created by China's entry into WTO (World Trade Organization) and the differential effect it has on various types of agricultural products and the regions that specialize in them. Broader Impact. The project will contribute to the training of a new generation of interdisciplinary researchers through the involvement of graduate students and post-doctoral fellows in the planning, implementation, and data analysis phases. The longitudinal data collected as part of the study will also be made available for students, junior researchers and the larger public to conduct research on a number of dynamic relationships among economic, social, cultural changes in rural China and their consequences, and relationships with health and well-being.