Collaborative Research: Design Principles for Effective Interorganizational Public Safety Response Infrastructures

协作研究：有效的组织间公共安全响应基础设施的设计原则

• 批准号: 0534877
• 负责人: Jane Fedorowicz
• 金额: $ 45.84万
• 依托单位: Bentley University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0534877&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Design; Principles; Effective

In the post 9/11 environment, a new form of organization has spawned in which public sector agencies and private organizations collaborate in designing complex IT-enabled infrastructures - systems that provide shared service delivery. This research will study and recommend design elements essential for architecture and governance structures that promote interorganizational success in using these systems. This project will draw on relevant knowledge from public administration, organizational theory, and information systems. It will focus on: (1) the design of collaborative systems that explicitly address the organizational needs of the technical infrastructure and (2) interactions among the system design elements and participating organizations that can best leverage such systems. Public safety collaborations currently use either packaged or open-standards systems to support interoperability among police, fire, rescue, homeland security and other public safety agencies. Examples of the packaged software systems include those from COPLINK and Motorola. Examples of open standards systems include Pennsylvania's Justice Network (JNET), the D.C. area's Capitol Wireless Integrated Network (CapWIN) and the San Diego area's Automated Regional Justice Information System (ARJIS). The current proposal will expand upon initial empirical and theoretical work conducted by its investigators based on CapWIN, ARJIS and JNET, and other interorganizational collaborative settings.Expected contributions:The researchers identify three key reasons to focus on infrastructures for interorganizational collaboration in the public safety domain. First, such systems are exemplars of how future networked organizations that exist because of IT, and effectively use it, might look. Second, they represent some of the most innovative thinking in digital government. Third, these systems, in their design and use, have direct benefits relative to public safety. These include improved homeland security, better delivery of governmental service and safer communities, while they impart substantial scientific value relative to design principles for both collaborative systems and the organizations using them. In furthering such research, the United States will provide leadership addressing current challenges that national and international public safety organizations face. The project will employ a design-centered approach in order to achieve improved and more robust IT infrastructures to support interorganizational information sharing. It will combine detailed empirical investigation using several field-based data collection methods, and will analyze extensive secondary data available on public safety in the United States. It will synthesize existing literature across a range of relevant disciplines to support theoretical and practical design recommendations for collaborative IT infrastructure and supportive organizational governance principles and structures.The intellectual merit of the work derives from:1. Interdisciplinary insights drawn from public administration and political science, organizational information systems, and information technology.2. Empirical research design that leverages the best aspects of intensive case study and a large-sample survey.3. Focus on technical design features and architectural principles that are essential to collaborative success.4. Analysis of institutional governance structures and processes that are critical for support of successfulimplementation and operation of collaborative systems.5. Emphasis on building theory that can be generalized to many domains in which IT supports public-private collaborations.The broader impact of the work is to improve:1. Public safety and homeland security via better systems design to support information sharing.2. IT-enabled public-private collaborations, regardless of context.

在9/11事件后的环境中，出现了一种新的组织形式，其中公共部门机构和私营组织合作设计复杂的IT基础设施--提供共享服务的系统。这项研究将研究并推荐架构和治理结构所必需的设计元素，以促进跨组织成功地使用这些系统。该项目将利用公共管理、组织理论和信息系统的相关知识。它将侧重于：(1)明确满足技术基础设施的组织需要的协作系统的设计；(2)系统设计要素和参与组织之间的互动，以便最好地利用这种系统。公共安全协作目前使用套装或开放标准系统，以支持警察、消防、救援、国土安全和其他公共安全机构之间的互操作性。套装软件系统的例子包括COPLINK和摩托罗拉的软件系统。开放标准系统的例子包括宾夕法尼亚州的司法网络(JNET)、哥伦比亚特区地区的国会无线综合网络(CapWIN)和圣地亚哥地区的自动化地区司法信息系统(ARJIS)。目前的提案将在其调查人员基于CapWIN、ARJIS和JNET以及其他组织间协作环境进行的初步经验和理论工作以及其他组织间协作环境的基础上展开。预期贡献：研究人员确定了关注公共安全领域组织间协作基础设施的三个关键原因。首先，这样的系统是未来因信息技术而存在并有效利用信息技术的网络组织的典范。其次，它们代表了数字政府中一些最具创新性的思维。第三，这些系统在设计和使用方面，对公共安全有直接的好处。这些措施包括改善国土安全、更好地提供政府服务和更安全的社区，同时它们赋予了与协作系统和使用这些系统的组织的设计原则相关的实质性科学价值。在推动这类研究方面，美国将发挥领导作用，应对国家和国际公共安全组织目前面临的挑战。该项目将采用以设计为中心的方法，以实现改进和更强大的信息技术基础设施，以支持组织间的信息共享。它将结合使用几种基于现场的数据收集方法的详细经验调查，并将分析美国公共安全方面可用的广泛二手数据。它将综合一系列相关学科的现有文献，以支持协作IT基础设施和支持性组织治理原则和结构的理论和实践设计建议。这项工作的智力价值来自：1.从公共行政和政治学、组织信息系统和信息技术中获得的跨学科见解。实证研究设计，充分利用了密集案例研究和大样本调查的最佳方面。专注于对协作成功至关重要的技术设计功能和架构原则。分析对支持协作系统的成功实施和运作至关重要的体制治理结构和程序。强调建立可以推广到许多领域的理论，在这些领域中，IT支持公私合作。这项工作的更广泛影响是改进：1.通过更好的系统设计来支持信息共享，从而改善公共安全和国土安全。支持IT的公私协作，而不受环境影响。