Volcanic Sources of Volatile Platinum Group Elements

挥发性铂族元素的火山​​来源

基本信息

项目摘要

Intellectual Merits:Preliminary data for volcanic aerosols from Vulcan Masaya, Nicaragua, indicate that platinum group element (PGE) concentrations are significantly higher than PGE concentrations in urban air. Urban air is generally considered contaminated with PGE released from automotive catalytic converters. Such aerosol particles regionally contaminate urban areas with Pt, Pd and Rh. Long range transport of such particles is the suspected cause of increasing PGE concentrations in the environment, as recorded in Greenland snow and ice since the mid 1970s. If PGE concentrations measured in volcanic aerosols from Vulcan Masaya are typical of volcanic aerosols in general, volatile PGE emissions are globally significant and merit detailed study. Magmatic fractionation of Re-Os-Ir-Rh-Ru-Pt-Pd is governed by the volatility of relevant PGE-containing complexes (e.g., oxides, hydrogen halides, sulfides) and the physicochemical properties of the magma (temperature, fugacities of relevant chemical species). Preliminary data for volcanic aerosols from Vulcan Masaya, Nicaragua, indicate that PGE abundance patterns are strongly and uniquely fractionated (i.e., high Pd/Pt, Os/Ir, Ru/Rh) compared to other important sources of PGE.These unique patterns, in conjunction with 187Os/188Os, may serve as a unique fingerprint forvolcanic sources of PGEs, provided they are typical for volcanic exhalations in general. If PGEabundance patterns are a unique geochemical indicator of PGE sources in the geologic record, they may have potential applications ranging from the identification of disputed impact layers to assessing origins of PGE concentrations in the environment.We propose to investigate volatility of Re, Os and complementary PGE at magmatic conditions by analyzing aerosol filters (gaseous and particle-bound PGE) from three well-monitored volcanic systems - Pu'u O'o vent of the Kilauea volcano, Hawaii; Vulcan Masaya, Nicaragua; Etna volcano, Italy. These sites encompass a wide spectrum of volcanic systems, i.e., archetypical mantle-plume, intraplate and subduction related volcanoes with significant SO2 fluxes. Our preliminary data from Vulcan Masaya seem to support the hypothesis that volatile PGE abundance patterns, in combination with Os isotope analyses, can be used to distinguish magmatic from anthropogenic and extraterrestrial PGE sources. We propose to analyze a suite of 60-100 samples for Re/Os/PGE and Os isotopic composition. Complementary major and trace element analyses will be carried out to place the Re/Os/PGE data in a broader geochemical context.Broader Impacts:In addition to advancing basic understanding of interaction between the extraterrestrialenvironment, the ocean, crust and mantle, this study will provide research and educationalopportunities (REU) for two undergraduate Summer Student Fellows at WHOI. The project willalso foster international collaborations with scientists in England and France. Peucker-Ehrenbrinkand Sims will continue to participate in a variety of outreach efforts to share our scientific resultswith graduate students in the MIT/WHOI Joint Program and the general public.
知识方面的优点:尼加拉瓜Vulcan马萨亚火山气溶胶的初步数据表明,铂族元素的浓度大大高于城市空气中的铂族元素浓度。城市空气通常被认为受到汽车催化转化器释放的PGE污染。这种气溶胶颗粒使城市地区受到Pt、Pd和Rh的区域性污染。这种颗粒的远距离迁移被怀疑是环境中铂族元素浓度增加的原因,自20世纪70年代中期以来,格陵兰岛的冰雪中就有记录。如果在Vulcan马萨亚火山气溶胶中测量到的PGE浓度是一般火山气溶胶的典型特征,那么挥发性PGE排放具有全球意义,值得进行详细研究。Re-Os-Ir-Rh-Ru-Pt-Pd的岩浆分馏受相关含PGE络合物(例如,氧化物、卤化氢、硫化物)和岩浆的物理化学性质(温度、相关化学物质的逸度)。尼加拉瓜Vulcan马萨亚火山气溶胶的初步数据表明,铂族元素丰度模式具有强烈而独特的分馏(即,高Pd/Pt,Os/Ir,Ru/Rh),这些特征与187 Os/188 Os一起,可以作为火山岩PGE来源的独特指纹,只要它们是火山喷流的典型特征。如果PGE丰度模式是地质记录中PGE来源的独特地球化学指标,那么它们可能具有潜在的应用,从识别有争议的影响层到评估环境中PGE浓度的来源。通过分析气溶胶过滤器在岩浆条件下的Os和补充PGE(气态和颗粒结合的PGE)来自三个监测良好的火山系统--夏威夷的基拉韦厄火山的Pu 'u O 'o喷口;尼加拉瓜的Vulcan马萨亚;意大利的埃特纳火山。这些地点包括广泛的火山系统,即,原型地幔柱,板内和俯冲相关的火山与显着的二氧化硫通量。我们的初步数据从火神马萨亚似乎支持的假设,挥发性铂族元素丰度模式,结合Os同位素分析,可用于区分岩浆的人为和地球外的铂族元素来源。我们建议分析一套60-100个样品的Re/Os/PGE和Os同位素组成。补充的主要和微量元素分析将进行放置在更广泛的地球化学背景下的Re/Os/PGE数据。更广泛的影响:除了推进外星环境,海洋,地壳和地幔之间的相互作用的基本理解,这项研究将提供研究和教育机会(REU)在WHOI的两个本科生暑期学生研究员。该项目还将促进与英国和法国科学家的国际合作。Peucker-Ehrenbrinkand西姆斯将继续参与各种外展活动,与麻省理工学院/WHOI联合项目的研究生和公众分享我们的科学成果。

项目成果

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Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink其他文献

Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink', 18)}}的其他基金

EarthCube Building Blocks: Collaborative Proposal: EarthCube Data Discovery Hub
EarthCube 构建模块:协作提案:EarthCube 数据发现中心
  • 批准号:
    1639557
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Quantifying Sampling Biases and Silicate-Derived Sr in Continental Runoff: A Coupled 87Sr/86Sr - 88Sr/86Sr Study
量化大陆径流中的采样偏差和硅酸盐衍生的 Sr:87Sr/86Sr - 88Sr/86Sr 耦合研究
  • 批准号:
    1226818
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
ETBC: Collaborative Research: Controls on the Flux, Age, and Composition of Terrestrial Organic Carbon Exported by Rivers to the Ocean
ETBC:合作研究:控制河流向海洋输出的陆地有机碳的通量、年龄和成分
  • 批准号:
    0851015
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
SGER: Integrated Sampling Campaign Aimed at Understanding the Atmospheric Mercury Cycle on Cape Cod, Massachusetts
SGER:旨在了解马萨诸塞州科德角大气汞循环的综合采样活动
  • 批准号:
    0830212
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Intercalibrating Analytical Methods for Osmium Isotopes and Concentrations in Seawater
合作研究:海水中锇同位素和浓度的相互校准分析方法
  • 批准号:
    0751616
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
SGER: Platinum Group Element Anomalies at Cryogenian Glacial Terminations
SGER:低温期冰川终止处的铂族元素异常
  • 批准号:
    0821878
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Technician Support: The NEPTUNE Multi-Collector ICP-MS in the WHOI ICP Facility
技术人员支持:WHOI ICP 设施中的 NEPTUNE 多接收器 ICP-MS
  • 批准号:
    0651366
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
The Riverine Fluxes of Rhenium and Molybdenum to the Ocean
铼和钼沿河流流入海洋的通量
  • 批准号:
    0519387
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: The Marine Os Isotope Record of Extreme Cenozoic Climates
合作研究:极端新生代气候的海洋骨同位素记录
  • 批准号:
    0525880
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Rhenium-Osmium Isotope and Platinum Group Element Systematics of Lower Oceanic Crust
下洋地壳铼锇同位素和铂族元素系统学
  • 批准号:
    0337677
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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The volatile fingerprints of life - a new method to indicate the biological or non-biological sources of gas
生命的挥发性指纹——指示气体的生物或非生物来源的新方法
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合作研究:刚果民主共和国、东非大裂谷尼拉贡戈火山和尼亚穆拉吉拉火山的镁铁质碱性岩浆的挥发性来源、喷发触发因素和岩浆上升速率
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