Phylogeny of the New World Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Polistinae, Polistes, Aphanilopterus) Based on Combined Morphological, Molecular and Behavioral Evidence

基于形态学、分子和行为证据的新世界马蜂纲（膜翅目：胡蜂科；马蜂亚科，马蜂纲，束翅目）的系统发育

• 批准号: 0542640
• 负责人: Kurt Pickett
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: American Museum Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0542640&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phylogeny; New; World; Polistes; Hymenoptera

A grant has been awarded to Dr. Kurt M. Pickett of the American Museum of Natural History for the study of behaviorally important wasps in the genus Polistes, or common paper wasps. Within Polistes, the New World species form a lineage of 119 species, many of which have been the basis for the empirical and theoretical study of social behavior. While many of these theories have been devised with paper wasps in mind, their applicability extends well beyond wasps. Because many of these theories posit the sequence of behavioral evolution through time, fully understanding the evolution of social behavior in paper wasps requires the evolutionary tree of the species. Based on molecular, anatomical and behavioral evidence, Dr. Pickett and co-workers will produce a robust evolutionary hypothesis for this group. This hypothesis will clarify not only the evolution of a diversity of behaviors, but also the taxonomy of the group. The project will produce a series of scientific articles relating to the evolution of social behavior and the taxonomy of the group, including identification keys to the species. All data, illustrations and articles will be disseminated via the World Wide Web. The products of this project will enrich the community in many ways. Traditional and interactive keys to the species will be of broad use by applied entomologists and environmental consultants as well as the research community. The project will train three undergraduate students in advanced molecular techniques and preparation of digital archives of anatomical variation. One intern will receive extensive training over 2 years, and will attend a scientific congress at which she will report her work to the scientific community. The project will also create new content for the OLogy website related to the proposed research. OLogy (http:// ology.amnh.org/) is a free, science-rich website designed for learners aged 7 and up to spark innate curiosity about the natural world. Developed entirely in-house at the American Museum of Natural History by teams of educational technologists, writers, programmers, designers and scientists, OLogy takes advantage of the Museum's collections, scientists, and outreach capacity to provide standards- based science educational content to children at home, educators in schools, and the general public in libraries.

美国自然历史博物馆（American Museum of Natural History）的库尔特·m·皮克特（Kurt M. Pickett）博士获得了一笔拨款，用于研究具有重要行为意义的纸蜂属黄蜂（Polistes）。在Polistes中，新世界物种形成了119个物种的谱系，其中许多物种已经成为社会行为实证和理论研究的基础。虽然这些理论中的许多都是考虑到纸黄蜂而设计的，但它们的适用性远远超出了黄蜂。因为这些理论中有许多假设了行为进化的顺序，所以要充分理解纸黄蜂的社会行为进化需要物种的进化树。基于分子、解剖学和行为学的证据，皮克特博士和他的同事们将为这一群体提出一个强有力的进化假设。这一假说不仅将阐明行为多样性的进化，而且还将阐明群体的分类。该项目将产生一系列与社会行为的进化和该群体的分类有关的科学文章，包括物种的识别钥匙。所有数据、插图和文章将通过万维网传播。这个项目的产品将在许多方面丰富社区。传统的和互动的物种钥匙将被应用昆虫学家和环境顾问以及研究界广泛使用。本项目将培养3名本科生，学习先进分子技术和解剖变异数字档案的制备。一名实习生将接受为期两年的广泛培训，并将参加一次科学大会，向科学界报告她的工作。该项目还将为OLogy网站创建与拟议研究相关的新内容。OLogy （http://www.ology.amnh.org/）是一个免费的、科学内容丰富的网站，专为7岁及以上的学习者设计，激发他们对自然世界与生俱来的好奇心。由教育技术专家、作家、程序员、设计师和科学家组成的团队完全在美国自然历史博物馆内部开发，OLogy利用博物馆的藏品、科学家和推广能力，为家里的孩子、学校的教育工作者和图书馆的公众提供基于标准的科学教育内容。