NSF RIDGE 2000 Postdoctoral Fellowship: Development of Raman spectroscopy for in situ quantification and speciation of hydrothermal Fe and Mn particulates and sediments

NSF RIDGE 2000 博士后奖学金：开发用于热液铁锰颗粒和沉积物原位定量和形态形成的拉曼光谱

• 批准号: 0550331
• 负责人: Sheri White
• 金额: $ 12.95万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0550331&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; RIDGE; 2000; Postdoctoral; Fellowship

White (0550331)Intellectual Merit The hydrothermal flux of reduced Fe and Mn has important implications for global seawater chemistry and chemosynthetic vent biology. When Fe and Mn enriched hydrothermal fluid mixes with seawater, polymetallic sulfides precipitate and seawater trace elements are scavenged onto Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides. These processes are important because approximately 10,000 liters of deep-ocean seawater are entrained with every liter of venting hydrothermal fluid. Thus, the equivalent of the entire ocean volume is exposed to co-precipitation reactions with polymetallic sulfides and Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides on timescales that are similar to global thermohaline circulation. In addition to their role as chemical scavengers, the oxidation of both Fe(II) and Mn(II) are important energy sources for chemosynthetic microbial communitiesin the water column as well as at the seafloor. This research aims to develop Laser Raman spectroscopy as a means to measure the in situ chemical speciation of metal-charged hydrothermal vent fluids emanating from the seafloor. The work involves an instrument engineering effort and ground truthing the technique with laboratory experiments. All experiments will use a laboratory model laser Raman spectrometer with a remote probe head and microscope attachment. High and low temperature/ high-pressure optical cells capable of 300 C and 400 bar will be used to simulate deep-sea hydrothermal conditions. Hydrothermal sediments and plume particulates will be mineralogically characterized using X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and then used as natural mineral assemblages for the laboratory. Broader Impacts This research provides research support for a early career female scientist and training of a postdoc at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts. The work will develop new in situ chemical sensors of important metal species for hydrothermal vent studies. The resulting instrument would be an obvious addition to any long-term mid-ocean ridge observatory and could be modified to broadcast in situ chemical data to researchers and the public alike. To disseminate information to the public, students, and the greater oceanographic community, a website on the Chemical Sensor work will be augmented to include one on Raman spectroscopy instrumentation and hydrothermal vent applications.

白色（0550331）智力优点还原铁和锰的热液通量对全球海水化学和化能喷口生物学具有重要意义。富Fe、Mn热液与海水混合时，多金属硫化物沉淀，海水微量元素被清除到Fe、Mn的氢氧化物上。这些过程很重要，因为每升喷发的热液流体中夹带着大约10 000升深海海水。因此，相当于整个海洋体积暴露于与多金属硫化物和Fe-Mn羟基氧化物的共沉淀反应，其时间尺度与全球温盐环流相似。除了作为化学清除剂的作用外，Fe（II）和Mn（II）的氧化是水柱和海底化学合成微生物群落的重要能源。这项研究的目的是发展激光拉曼光谱学，作为一种手段来测量从海底流出的含金属热液喷口流体的原位化学形态。这项工作涉及仪器工程的努力和地面真实的技术与实验室实验。 所有实验将使用一个实验室模型激光拉曼光谱仪与远程探头和显微镜附件。将使用能够达到300摄氏度和400巴的高温和低温/高压光学元件来模拟深海热液条件。将使用X射线衍射和X射线荧光光谱法对热液沉积物和羽流微粒进行矿物学鉴定，然后将其作为实验室的天然矿物组合。 更广泛的影响这项研究为马萨诸塞州的伍兹霍尔海洋研究所的一名早期职业女性科学家和一名博士后的培训提供了研究支持。 这项工作将为热液喷口研究开发重要金属种类的新的现场化学传感器。 由此产生的仪器显然将是对任何长期洋中脊观测站的补充，并可加以修改，以便向研究人员和公众传播现场化学数据。为了向公众、学生和广大海洋学界传播信息，将扩大一个关于化学传感器工作的网站，以包括一个关于拉曼光谱仪器和热液喷口应用的网站。