International Research Fellowship Program: Hydrodynamics of Fringing Coral Reef Systems

国际研究奖学金计划：边缘珊瑚礁系统的流体动力学

• 批准号: 0601787
• 负责人: Ryan Lowe
• 金额: $ 10.46万
• 依托单位: Lowe Ryan J
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0601787&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: International; Research; Fellowship; Program; Hydrodynamics

0601787LoweThe International Research Fellowship Program enables U.S. scientists and engineers to conduct nine to twenty-four months of research abroad. The program's awards provide opportunities for joint research, and the use of unique or complementary facilities, expertise and experimental conditions abroad.This award will support a twenty-four-month research fellowship by Dr. Ryan Lowe to work with Dr. Greg Ivey and Dr. Chari Pattiaratchi at the University of Western Australia, and Dr. Graham Symonds at the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), in Perth, Australia.The goal of this project is to improve our understanding and ability to predict circulation on fringing coral reefs. The ecology of coral reefs is closely linked with water motion, which transports and disperses key biological material such as nutrients and larvae. Accordingly, the use of hydrodynamic models to predict reef circulation is needed to successfully manage these systems. Currents on reefs can be driven by a number of forcing mechanisms including waves, tides, wind, and buoyancy effects. Several 1D analytical models have been developed to predict these currents, by assuming simplified forms for the reef geometries. On some reefs these 1D models have been shown to accurately characterize the prevailing currents. However, the application of these 1D models to fringing reefs (those where the reef lies close to the shore) is problematic, because the circulation of these reefs is known to be a strong function of the particular 3D nature of the reef geometry. Understanding flow on fringing reefs is imperative because they represent the dominant class of reefs found in many regions of the world, including those adjacent to the US (e.g., the Hawaiian Islands, Florida, and the Caribbean). In order to best understand and predict how these various forces drive flow on fringing reefs, 3D numerical models must be employed, but their application has been mostly lacking in previous studies. As such, this project aims: 1) to apply a 3D hydrodynamic model as a tool to advance our understanding of how wave, tidal, wind and buoyancy forcing drives circulation on a fringing coral reef, and 2) to conduct an intensive field experiment to measure the dominant circulation of the reef, thus providing data to validate the model. The study will focus on Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, one of Australia's most significant fringing reefs in terms of both its size and biodiversity.

[601787]国际研究奖学金计划使美国科学家和工程师能够在国外进行9至24个月的研究。该计划的奖励为联合研究提供了机会，并利用独特或互补的设施、专业知识和国外的实验条件。该奖项将支持Ryan Lowe博士与西澳大利亚大学的Greg Ivey博士和Chari Pattiaratchi博士以及澳大利亚珀斯联邦科学与工业研究组织（CSIRO）的Graham Symonds博士开展为期24个月的研究。这个项目的目标是提高我们对边缘珊瑚礁环流的理解和预测能力。珊瑚礁的生态与水的运动密切相关，水的运动运输和分散了关键的生物物质，如营养物质和幼虫。因此，需要使用水动力模型来预测珊瑚礁环流，以成功地管理这些系统。礁石上的洋流可以由许多强迫机制驱动，包括波浪、潮汐、风和浮力效应。通过假设珊瑚礁几何形状的简化形式，已经开发了几种一维分析模型来预测这些洋流。在一些珊瑚礁上，这些一维模型已被证明能准确地描述盛行洋流。然而，将这些1D模型应用于边缘珊瑚礁（那些珊瑚礁靠近海岸的地方）是有问题的，因为已知这些珊瑚礁的环流是珊瑚礁几何形状的特殊3D性质的强大功能。了解边缘珊瑚礁的流动是必要的，因为它们代表了世界上许多地区的主要珊瑚礁类别，包括与美国相邻的地区（例如，夏威夷群岛，佛罗里达和加勒比海）。为了更好地理解和预测这些不同的力是如何驱动边缘珊瑚礁上的水流的，必须使用三维数值模型，但在以前的研究中，它们的应用大多缺乏。因此，本项目旨在：1)应用三维水动力模型作为工具，提高我们对波浪、潮汐、风和浮力强迫如何驱动边缘珊瑚礁环流的理解；2)进行密集的现场实验，测量珊瑚礁的主导环流，从而提供数据来验证模型。这项研究将集中在西澳大利亚的宁格鲁礁上，就其大小和生物多样性而言，这是澳大利亚最重要的边缘珊瑚礁之一。