COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: The CALIPSO Project: Imaging the Magma Chamber on Montserrat

[0607440]该合同为位于夏威夷州蒙特塞拉特的加勒比安山岩熔岩岛精密地震大地测量观测站（CALIPSO）项目提供了更新支持。该项目的最终目标是研究苏弗里埃尔火山（SHV）整个岩浆系统的动力学，并提高我们对安山岩岩浆动力学的一般认识。该项目于2002年启动，在SHV周围钻探和安装了四个高灵敏度钻孔（200米深）地震和地面变形（应变计，倾斜仪，cGPS）站。这是安山岩火山上第一个也是唯一一个这样的仪器钻孔网络。该项目涉及六所美国机构（亚利桑那州立大学，阿肯色大学，华盛顿卡内基研究所，康奈尔大学，杜克大学，宾夕法尼亚州立大学），英国布里斯托尔大学和利兹大学，以及蒙特塞拉特火山天文台（MVO）。主要资金（约200万美元）来自美国国家科学基金会（大陆动力和I/F），来自英国的捐款。这些装置于2004年完成，重要的仪器数据已经恢复，包括2003年巨大的熔岩穹丘崩塌、2003-5年的爆炸和2005年重新开始的穹丘生长的数据（Mattioli et al., 2004, 2005; Voight et al., 2005）。迄今为止，PI的工作主要集中在设施和数据传输问题上，但他们对数据的初步研究有望对岩浆系统产生相当重要的见解（Voight et al. 2005）。ppi认为收集的数据具有前所未有的价值，他们的分析在科学基础上是值得的，同时也支持了NSF在开发CALIPSO设施方面所做的大量投资。CALIPSO项目增加的一个新方向是SEA-CALIPSO实验，这是一个涉及气枪震源地震实验的扩展。这是一项“陆上-海上”地震实验，目的是对蒙特塞拉特岛深部地壳下的岩浆室和地壳深部进行成像。该实验的数据采集阶段将在2007年进行，将得到英国国家物理基金会（NSF）和国家环境研究委员会（NERC）的联合支持（见通信）。该合同将为SEA-CALIPSO获得的数据的分析和建模研究阶段提供支持。具体而言，该奖项为以下方面提供支持：(1)对涉及应变计、cGPS、倾斜、地震和其他数据集的钻孔（和辅助地面仪器）数据进行分析，包括校准和建模工作，以推断岩浆系统的物理特征及其扰动（例如新岩浆流入、爆炸）；(2)对SEA-CALIPSO数据（以气枪测量为中心，约100台pascal地震记录仪记录了3-4个月的气枪和地震数据集）进行完整的分析、建模和解释，生成岩浆系统的层析成像和反射成像；(3)井眼观测分析、层析成像信息与变形和流体力学建模的联动；(4)及时开展小组研讨，协调规划研究工作；(5)教育推广和研究成果交流。

0607440LindeThis award provides renewal support for the CALIPSO Project (Caribbean Andesitic Lava Island Precision Seismo-geodetic Observatory) on Montserrat, WI. The ultimate goal of this project is to investigate the dynamics of the entire magmatic system of Soufriere Hills Volcano (SHV), and to enhance our generic understanding of andesitic magma dynamics.The project was initiated in 2002 with drilling and installation of four high-sensitivity borehole (200-m deep) seismic and ground deformation (strainmeter, tiltmeter, cGPS) stations around the SHV. This is the first and only such instrumented borehole network at any andesite volcano. The project involves six US institutions (Arizona State U, U Arkansas, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Cornell, Duke, Penn State), Bristol and Leeds universities in the UK, and the Montserrat Volcano Observatory (MVO). Principal funding (ca. 2 million USD) was from NSF (Continental Dynamics, and I/F), with a contribution from UK. The installations were completed by 2004, and important instrumental data have been recovered, including those from a prodigious lava dome collapse in 2003, explosions in 2003-5, and restarted dome growth 2005 (Mattioli et al., 2004, 2005; Voight et. al., 2005). The PI's efforts to date have focused necessarily on facility and data transfer issues, but their initial research on the data promises quite important insights on the magmatic system (Voight et al. 2005). The PIs argue that the data being collected are of unprecedented value, and their analysis is merited on scientific grounds as well as to support the considerable investment NSF has made in developing the CALIPSO facility. A new direction added to the CALIPSO Project is the SEA-CALIPSO experiment, an extension involving a Seismic Experiment with Airgun- source. This is an 'onshore - offshore' seismic experiment to image the magma chamber and deep crust underlying the SHV on Montserrat. The data acquisition phase of this experiment will be carried out in 2007, with combined support of NSF (Geophysics) and the National Environmental Research Council (NERC) of the UK (see correspondence). Support for the analysis and modeling research phase for the data acquired in SEA-CALIPSO is being provided in this award.Specifically, this award provides support for: (1) analyses of borehole (and ancillary surface instrument) data involving strainmeter, cGPS, tilt, seismic and other datasets, including calibrations and modeling efforts, to deduce the physical characteristics of the magma system and its perturbations (e.g. new magma influx, explosions); (2) complete analysis, modeling and interpretation of SEA-CALIPSO data (airgun and earthquake data set recorded by ~100 PASSCAL seismic recorders for a 3-4 month period centered on the airgun survey) to generate tomographic and reflection imaging of the magmatic system;(3) linkage of the borehole observatory analyses, tomographic imaging information, and deformation and fluid mechanic modeling;(4) timely team workshops for coordinated planning of the research; (5) educational outreach, and communication of research results.