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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Temporal Patterns in Non-mammalian Synapsid Morphospace

论文研究：非哺乳动物合弓动物形态空间的时间模式

基本信息

批准号：
0608415
负责人：
Neil Shubin
金额：
$ 1.11万
依托单位：
University of Chicago
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-06-15 至 2008-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0608415&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Temporal Patterns Non

项目摘要

Non-mammalian synapsids represent the dominant group of terrestrial backboned animals (tetrapods) during the Permian and Early Triassic Periods, 300-245 million years ago. Non-mammalian synapsids have a very rich, temporally well-resolved fossil record by tetrapod standards. This project will use geometric morphometric analysis to study evolutionary patterns in the non-mammalian synapsids. Geometric morphometrics compare the positions of shared features, or landmarks, on specimens (e.g. suture boundaries between bones of the skull) to summarize morphological (shape) variation among individuals. Using a global dataset of non-mammalian synapsid specimens, the researchers will address questions of evolutionary rates and morphological trends associated with the radiation of the group.The period of non-mammalian synapsid dominance was punctuated by the Permo-Triassic extinction, the greatest mass extinction in earth history, in which 95% of all species are estimated to have been lost. The researchers will examine synapsid faunas before and after the extinction to determine whether certain morphologies were preferentially lost, while others survived. These data can be used to identify potentially extinction-prone morphologies in other taxa. Early synapsids are also important because they represent the ancestors of mammals. Studying shape change over the course of synapsid history will provide important information on the evolutionary dynamics underlying mammal origins.

在距今3 - 2.45亿年前的二叠纪和早三叠纪时期，非哺乳动物的下孔类动物是陆生脊椎动物（四足动物）的优势种群。按照四足动物的标准，非哺乳动物的下孔类动物有非常丰富的、时间上很好的化石记录。该项目将使用几何形态计量学分析来研究非哺乳动物突触类动物的进化模式。几何形态计量学比较标本上共有特征或地标的位置（例如，颅骨之间的缝合边界），以总结个体之间的形态（形状）变化。利用非哺乳动物突触体标本的全球数据集，研究人员将解决与该群体辐射相关的进化速率和形态趋势的问题。非哺乳动物突触类占优势的时期被二叠纪-三叠纪大灭绝打断，这是地球历史上最大规模的物种灭绝，据估计95%的物种都消失了。研究人员将检查灭绝前后的突触类动物群，以确定是否某些形态优先消失，而其他形态幸存下来。这些数据可以用来识别其他分类群中潜在的灭绝倾向形态。早期的突触动物也很重要，因为它们代表了哺乳动物的祖先。研究突触体历史过程中的形状变化将为哺乳动物起源的进化动力学提供重要信息。