Integrated Studies of Eruption Processes in Basaltic and Andesitic Volcanoes

玄武质和安山质火山喷发过程的综合研究

• 批准号: 0609669
• 负责人: Milton Garces
• 金额: $ 29.15万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-15 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0609669&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Integrated; Studies; Eruption; Processes; Basaltic

The project seeks to use infrasound in conjunction with other established technologies at Kilauea and Mount St. Helens volcanoes to (1) identify and characterize different eruption processes, (2) recognize changes in lava composition, mass flux, or magma conduit geometry, and (3) refine or develop models of the observed eruption processes. This will facilitate the integration of state-of-the-art infrasound techniques into the existing geophysical tools used for studying volcanic source processes. Also the researchers will use unique, unpublished data sets of active volcanoes in the US and likely discover new types of signals and interdisciplinary connections during the project. The results of the project will include the development of new numerical models, enhanced understanding of infrasonic wave generation in magmas of low viscosity (basalt) and high viscosity (andesite), and improved insights and models of dome collapses, shallow long period events, tremor, and explosions. This work can influence hazard management and mitigation schemes at the research volcanoes and at similar volcanoes worldwide. By speeding up, pitch shifting, or modulating infrasonic recordings, the researchers can make audible the "silent" signals from these volcanoes. Signals, such as the drumbeats and tremor, will be transposed into the audible range and placed on a web site dedicated to the project. They will also work with the USGS in the construction of informational posters and soundscapes that may be placed at the visitor centers of the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park and Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument.

该项目力求将次声与基拉韦厄火山和圣海伦斯火山的其他既定技术结合使用，以(1)识别和描述不同的喷发过程，(2)识别熔岩成分、质量流量或岩浆管道几何形状的变化，以及(3)改进或发展观察到的喷发过程的模型。这将有助于将最先进的次声技术纳入用于研究火山源过程的现有地球物理工具。此外，研究人员还将使用独特的、未公布的美国活火山数据集，并可能在项目期间发现新类型的信号和跨学科联系。该项目的成果将包括开发新的数值模型，加强对低粘度(玄武岩)和高粘度(安山岩)岩浆中次声波产生的了解，以及改进对穹顶坍塌、浅层长周期事件、地震和爆炸的洞察和模型。这项工作可以影响研究火山和世界各地类似火山的灾害管理和减灾计划。通过加速、音调改变或调制次声录音，研究人员可以听到这些火山发出的“无声”信号。鼓声和震颤等信号将被转换到可听范围内，并放置在专门用于该项目的网站上。他们还将与美国地质调查局合作，制作宣传海报和声景，可能会放置在夏威夷火山国家公园和圣海伦斯火山国家纪念碑的游客中心。