SGER: ROLE OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION IN N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE (NDMA) FORMATION IN MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS: SOURCE OR SINK

本提案提出了厌氧消化器产生或降解NDMA和NDMA前体的潜力。例如，N-亚硝胺，特别是N-亚硝基二甲胺(NDMA)和N-亚硝基二乙胺(NDEA)是极具致癌性的致癌物质，其致癌能力远远高于三卤代甲烷，并被列入2003年CERCLA危险物质优先清单(美国环保局，2003年)。尽管亚硝胺在火箭燃料、聚合物和橡胶生产等方面的工业应用已大大减少，但作为副产品或许多食品、化妆品、医药和农药产品以及烟草烟雾中的杂质，亚硝胺仍然是常见的环境污染物(卫生部，2002年)。近年来的研究表明，亚硝胺，特别是NDMA，可以通过基于氯的消毒过程(特别是氯胺处理)在水处理系统中产生，使其成为一类重要的潜在危险消毒副产品(DBPs)。这一建议的强度包括这样一个事实，即PIs发现了废水处理厂运营中一个未开发的方面，可能会显著影响NDMA对天然水的贡献。这项研究评估了NDMA前体的潜在形成或清除。研究还包括在市政处理厂厌氧消化池中对前体进行现场测试，在实验室规模的消化池中进行测试，以及在厌氧消化池中普遍存在的条件下NDMA及其前体的生物转化潜力。NDMA和N-亚硝胺构成严重的健康和生态风险。如果NDMA在厌氧消化池中形成，并对废水流出物产生影响，那么开发/发明减少其形成的方法将是有价值的。

0610358PavlostathisThis proposal proposes the potential of anaerobic digesters to produce or degrade NDMA and NDMA precursors. N-nitrosamines, especially N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), are extremely potent carcinogens with cancer potencies much higher than those of trihalomethanes, for example, and are listed on the 2003 CERCLA Priority List of Hazardous Substances (U.S. EPA, 2003). Although industrial applications of nitrosamines in rocket fuel, polymer and rubber production, etc. have largely been curtailed, nitrosamines continue to be common environmental pollutants as side-products or impurities in many food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and pesticide products, and in tobacco smoke (DHHS, 2002). Research in recent years has shown that nitrosamines, particularly NDMA, can be generated in water treatment systems by chlorine-based disinfection processes (particularly chloramination), making them an important emerging group of potentially hazardous disinfection byproducts (DBPs).Strengths of this proposal includes the fact that the PIs have identified an unexplored facet of Waste Water Treatment Plant operation that could significantly impact NDMA contributions to natural waters. The research assesses potential formation or removal of NDMA precursors. The research also includes field-testing for precursors at municipal treatment plant anaerobic digestors, testing in laboratory-scale digestors, and biotransformation potential of NDMA and its precursors under conditions prevalent in an anaerobic digestor. NDMA and N-nitrosoamines pose sever health and ecological risks. If NDMA is formed in anaerobic digesters, and these impact Waste Water effluent streams, then it would be valuable to develop/invent methods to decrease their formation.